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Archive-name: disney-faq/disney
Last-modified: 03 May 1995

The rec.arts.disney Frequently Asked Questions List
Version 3.9, last revised May 2, 1995

     This document is Copyright (c) 1995, by Tom Tanida, all rights
reserved.  It is intended for public use, and may be redistributed freely
printed or electronically in its complete and unaltered form provided
distribution is done at no charge to the receiver.  Partial and other
distribution means require the permission of the author.

     This is the FAQ file for rec.arts.disney.  I have tried to include
topics relevant to the questions and threads which arise most often on the
newsgroup, as well as some interesting facts.  Most of the information came
from articles posted to rec.arts.disney since July 1990, about the time the
group was started, although I'm missing quite a few articles from early on.
Other information came from various books and magazines.  Your input to
this list is highly appreciated.
     The purpose of this list is to reduce the number of redundant
questions posted to rec.arts.disney and to provide a source of information
to Disney fans worldwide.  Personally, however, I would invite discussion
of questions included in this list if this list is not complete enough.
For example, one of the questions lists the voices of popular Disney
characters and where to find more info, but if the character is not listed
here, I would still encourage you to post and ask, especially if the
character is more obscure.
     Again, I hope that this list will reduce the amount of redundant
information posted to the net.  Even more strongly, I hope this list, in
combination with the Walt Disney World FAQ, will provide a unified source
of information about Disney related material and provide a valuable
reference for all.

     There are four sections:
         I. A list of the questions in this part
        II. Answers to General Questions
       III. Answers to Questions with Time-critical
            Information
        IV. Other lists, available upon request

     Send comments, corrections, suggestions, and inside information to:
[e-mail], or to [e-mail].  I am sure that
no matter how long I work on this that it will never be perfect, but it
doesn't hurt to try.  :-)  If you prefer Compuserve access, I'm at
76655,344.  On Prodigy I'm xgsn74a.  On America Online, I'm TomTanida
([e-mail] from the Internet).  The most reliable way to reach me
is via Internet, then Compuserve (especially if the date on this document
is many months old).
     If you would like a PostScript version of this document, which has
much better formatting, feel free to send me a request; I can easily mail
it to you.  The standard text version of this FAQ, like all FAQs
cross-posted to news.answers, is archived at rtfm.mit.edu.  For information
regarding how to FTP the FAQ from rtfm.mit.edu, send me e-mail; I've
written a quick tutorial.  This document is maintained in MS Word For
Windows 6.0.
     Note: the Disneyland FAQ is available from its maintainer, Walt
Hoffman ([e-mail]), and via FTP from rtfm.mit.edu in
the directory pub/usenet/news.answers/disney-faq, under the filename
'disneyland'.

Section I- Questions

General questions:
0) Some information about rec.arts.disney
1) What are the Disney animated feature films?   Which of the films have
     been released on videocassette?
2) Where can I get a copy of {Cinderella, Lady and the Tramp, other hard to
     find video(s)}?
2b) Can I get Song of the South in the US?  Why doesn't Disney release this
     in the US?
3) Where can I get Disney-related GIF (JPEG, etc.) pictures?
4) Is there a Disney specific FTP site?  How about a WWW (World-Wide Web)
     site?
5) What are serigraph cels?  Are they "real" cels?
6) What art galleries sell Disney cels and other collectibles?
7) To what degree are computers being used in Disney animated films today?
7b) Since computers are being used quite a bit in Disney films now, does
     that mean there are no "genuine" cels from the movies?
8) I heard that Walt Disney is in cryogenic suspension.  Is this true?
9) Who did the voice of {Ariel, Belle, my favorite Disney character}?
10) How do I get a job working for Disney?
11) Is Goofy a dog, a horse, or what?
12) How can I get the song lyrics to {The Little Mermaid, Beauty and the
     Beast, etc.}?
13) What are the Magic Kingdom Club benefits?
14) What are the stockholder benefits?
14b) How can I purchase Disney stock?
15) What is Club 33?
16) What are the names of Ariel's sisters in The Little Mermaid?
17) What are the Disney Stores?
18) Who are the "nine old men"?
19) Who are the current Disney animators?
20) Where can I get the movie poster for {Beauty and the Beast, other
     Disney movie}?
21) Where can I find a particular Disney book?  How can I find an original
     version of a book that Disney adapted into a movie?
22) I remember a scene from Peter Pan where Tinkerbell is dying (having
     borne the brunt of the explosion from Captain Hook's trick present to
     Peter), and the audience is asked to clap to bring her back to life.
     Why isn't it on the Disney video?
23) What was the first Disney film ever to receive a PG rating?
24) What are some "in-jokes" in the Disney films?
25) Commonly used Disney terms and abbreviations on the Internet
26) Who does the voice of the singing merchant at the beginning of the film
     Aladdin?
27) Where can I get a list of Disney animation bloopers?
28) What is the FDC and how do I get in on it?

99) Where can I get more Disney info?
     - Includes books, publications, computer services, phone numbers, and
     addresses

Timely information:
1) What Disney shows/auctions/events are coming up?
2) What are some of the upcoming movie and video releases from the Walt
     Disney Studios?

Section II - Answers to General Questions

0) Some information about rec.arts.disney

     rec.arts.disney is a Usenet newsgroup, distributed via the Internet
worldwide to an estimated 83,000 readers.  It is for the discussion of all
things Disney-related, including the movies, the theme parks, books, and
television shows.  The group was created around May 1990, and the traffic
has gradually increased to between 5 and 6 Mb of articles per month.  Some
other newsgroups that might cover Disney-related topics would include:
rec.parks.theme, rec.arts.animation, and possibly rec.arts.movies.  For
information on other online sources, including mailing lists, see question
99, below.

     A (very brief) netiquette (Net Etiquette) guide for new users:
     * Don't post "test" messages.
     * Try to keep the discussions Disney-related.  If you need help with
          Internet related topics, such as how to FTP, or translated
          uuencoded files to GIF files, etc., there are other sources of
          information (such as news.newusers, your local sys
          administration, and many, many new and current books on the
          Internet at your local bookstore).  I am willing to send you
          instructions on how to FTP the FAQ as well (a step through
          tutorial).
     * Cut down on included articles when following up.  A good rule of
          thumb is that at least half the article you are posting should be
          new text.  Otherwise, you're mostly posting something someone
          already said.  In addition, it makes it hard to read your new
          text.
     * Using all capital letters is difficult to read and makes it look
          like you're shouting.
     * If you feel an article is annoying in some way, it's usually better
          to ignore it.  If you can't ignore it, wait a couple of hours,
          and come back to it, and see if it's still worth replying to.
          Also, flame wars can be taken to private e-mail, or alt.flame.
     * rec.arts.disney is not the appropriate place to post GIF images,
          even if Disney-related.  Also, widespread public distribution of
          images containing Disney characters is in violation of copyright
          law.
     * Read the FAQ. (Just thought I'd get a poke in there)

     There are numerous new books out on the Internet.  Different books
have a different emphasis (e.g. how to get started, how to use certain
types of software, netiquette rules, etc.), so I recommend browsing a
little at your major bookstore to find what you're looking for.  If you
have any questions about the group itself, feel free to drop me a line at
[e-mail].

     Finally, to prove the universality of Disney themes and fandom, here
is a list of countries and other worldwide locations from which I have
received e-mail:
     Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, New
Zealand, The Netherlands, Norway, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Russia,
United States, United Kingdom
     Drop me a line if your country is not listed and I will add it in; I'd
love to hear from you.

1) What are the Disney animated feature films?  Which of the films have
     been released on videocassette?

     Here is the *official* list, numbered and listed in chronological
order.  Other notable Disney films with Disney animation are included after
the list.  The factors in what constitutes an "animated feature film" are
the amount of screen time with animation on it, the total length of the
film, the quality of the animation, and what kind of a mood the person at
the Disney studios is in when they make the decision.  With each film, I
have made some notes regarding video release, Academy Awards, and other
trivia.

1) Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (12/21/1937) - Granted a special Academy
          Award for screen innovation in 1938.  This was re-released into
          the theaters in the U.S. in the summer of 1993 and is currently
          available on home video.
2) Pinocchio (02/07/1940) - Released on video (US) in 1986, and re-released
          in the US in early 1993.  Won the Oscar for Best Song ("When You
          Wish Upon a Star"), and Best Original Score.
3) Fantasia (11/13/1940) - Released on video and LaserDisc (US) in 1991 and
          will not be re-released on video in its original form.  The
          Academy granted a special award to Leopold Stokowski for
          "widening the scope of the motion picture as entertainment and as
          an art form" in 1941.  The music was conducted by Leopold
          Stokowski, and the narrator was Deems Taylor.  Fantasia was
          re-released in 1982 with an Irwin Kostal conducted soundtrack and
          narration by Hugh Douglas, but was subsequently restored.
4) Dumbo (10/23/1941) - Released on video (US) in 1986.  Based upon the
          serial number on the cassette, this was the first of the animated
          films to have been released on video.  It was originally released
          in 1980 for rental (as opposed to sell-through).  It won an Oscar
          for "Scoring of a Musical Picture" in 1941.
5) Bambi (08/13/1942) - Released on video (US) in 1988.  Also released on
          LaserDisc.  (As a bit of trivia, this is the animated feature
          with the fewest lines of dialog.)
6) Saludos Amigos (02/06/1943)
7) The Three Caballeros (02/03/1945) - Released on video (US) in 1988 (?).
          This is somewhat of a sequel to Saludos Amigos.
8) Make Mine Music (08/15/1946) - Almost like a second Fantasia, but
          featuring more popular music in 10 shorter sequences, which lack
          the depth that Fantasia had.  The excellent 'Clair De Lune'
          sequence in this film was originally intended to be included in
          Fantasia.  It also included "Casey at the Bat."  Parts of this
          film have been released separately on video, under the titles
          "Willie, the Operatic Whale" and "Peter and the Wolf".  This film
          was never reissued in its original form.
9) Fun and Fancy Free (09/27/1947) - Contained the two stories "Mickey and
          the Beanstalk" and "Bongo," each of which have been recently
          released on video.  This aired on the Disney Channel in October
          and November 1993.
10) Melody Time (05/27/1948) - Some miscellaneous stories, including:  a
          story based on Johnny Appleseed; "Little Toot" (a tugboat);
          "Blame It On the Samba", featuring Donald Duck and Jose Carioca
          from The Three Caballeros; and "Bumble-Boogie," a jazz version of
          Flight of the Bumblebee.  This film was somewhat of a sequel to
          Make Mine Music, and also was never re-released in its original
          form.
11) The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad (10/05/1949) - Released on video
          as separate short films, under the titles "The Legend of Sleepy
          Hollow" and "The Wind in the Willows."
12) Cinderella (02/15/1950) - Released on video (US) in 1988, and will be
          re-released October 3, 1995.  It has been said that this was Walt
          Disney's favorite film.
13) Alice in Wonderland (07/28/1951) - Released on video (US) for
          sell-through in 1988, and for rental only in 1980 (like Dumbo).
          Also released on LD, in an original and a digitally restored
          form.
14) Peter Pan (02/05/1953) - Released on video (US) in 1989.  Also released
          on LD.
15) Lady and the Tramp (06/22/1955) - Released on video (US) in 1987.
          Originally filmed in CinemaScope.
16) Sleeping Beauty (01/29/1959) - Released on video (US) in 1987.
          Originally filmed in CinemaScope.
17) 101 Dalmatians (01/25/1961) - Released on video (US) in April, 1992.
18) The Sword in the Stone (12/25/1963) - Released on video (US) in 1988
          (?).
19) The Jungle Book (10/18/1967) - Released on video (US) in 1991.  Also
          released on LD.  This was the last film that Walt Disney worked
          on, as he died prior to its release.
20) The Aristocats (12/24/1970)- Never released on video.
21) Robin Hood (11/08/1973) - Released on video (US) in 1986; re-released
          on video and LD in 1991.
22) The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (03/11/1977) - This was a
          compilation of the three stories "Winnie the Pooh and the Honey
          Tree" (1966), "Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day" (1969), and
          "Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too" (1974).  All of these have been
          individually released on video.
23) The Rescuers (06/22/1977)- This film was the last that was developed by
          the original (Walt) generation of Disney lead animators.  It was
          very successful in Europe during it's initial release.  It is
          currently available on video and LD (non-letterboxed).
24) The Fox and the Hound (07/10/1981)- At one time the film was stated by
          Disney publicists to be the 20th, then the 25th animated feature
          film.  The first major effort by the "new generation" of Disney
          artists.  This is due on video March 1.
25) The Black Cauldron (07/24/1985)- This was the first film to be released
          in 70mm since Sleeping Beauty.  Roy E. Disney, Walt's nephew,
          returned to the studios to contribute to the screenplay.  The
          film suffered from delays and a then record-cost of $25 million.
          This has never been released on video.
26) The Great Mouse Detective (07/02/1986) - Score by Henry Mancini.  This
          was released on video during the summer of 1992.
27) Oliver and Company (11/18/1988)- Made $54M in it's initial release,
          which at the time was the highest box-office gross of any
          animated film in its first theatrical run.
28) The Little Mermaid (11/17/1989) - Released on video (US)  in 1990; also
          available on LD.  Won the Academy Awards for Best Original Score,
          and Best Song ("Under the Sea").  Grossed $89M in its initial US
          release.
29) The Rescuers Down Under (11/10/1990) - Nationally released on 11/23/90.
          Released on video and LD (US) in 1991.  Disney's first official
          animated sequel.  Grossed around $28M in its initial US release.
30) Beauty and the Beast (11/15/1991) - Was nationally released on 11/23/91
          and was released on video in the US at the end of October, 1992.
          Was released on LD (CLV and WS CAV) in September 1993.  Cost $30
          million to produce.  It won the Academy Awards for Best Original
          Score, and Best Song (title track), and was the first animated
          film to be nominated for Best Picture.  In the first 42 weeks of
          its US release, this film grossed $144.725 million, and sold 1
          million copies of the video nationwide by the end of its first
          day of release (10/30/92).
31) Aladdin (11/11/1992).  Was nationally released on 11/25/92.  This
          features songs by the late Howard Ashman.  The score was done by
          Alan Menken.  Since Ashman passed away before this film was
          completed, Tony Award winner Tim Rice was hired to complete some
          songs for the film.  Ashman wrote the lyrics to the songs Arabian
          Nights, Friend Like Me, and Prince Ali.  Rice wrote the lyrics to
          One Jump Ahead, A Whole New World, and Prince Ali (reprise).
          This film reportedly cost $35 million to produce.  Aladdin won
          two Academy Awards, one for Best Song (A Whole New World) and one
          for Best Original Score.  Aladdin grossed over $215 million in
          the theaters.
32) The Lion King (6/15/94)- Nationally released 6/24/94.  On that weekend,
          The Lion King earned $40.9 million, a record for an animated film
          and, while not a box office revenue record for an opening
          weekend, it probably represents the most tickets sold in a
          weekend given the high number of discounted tickets sold for
          children.  Tim Rice and Elton John worked on the soundtrack for
          this film.  This film was released onto video in the US at the
          end of February 1995, at which time it sold 20 million copies in
          its first week of release.
33) Pocahontas (national release 6/23/95)- Alan Menken and Stephen Schwartz
          are working on the soundtrack for this film.  The song Colors of
          the Wind is currently being shown at the Disney Store, and is
          included on the video release of The Lion King.
34) The Hunchback of Notre Dame (working title, 1996)- Being directed by
          Kirk Wise and Gary Trousdale, the directors of Beauty and the
          Beast.
35) Fantasia Continued (1996 or 1997) - Features new clips, in the
          tradition of the original Fantasia.  Contributions to this are
          being made by Roy E. Disney (Walt's nephew).

Here are some notable films and shorts that didn't make the Disney studio's
official list.  Because of space constraints, many shorts have been
omitted.

Ferdinand the Bull (1938) - Released on video with "Willie, the Operatic
          Whale."
The Reluctant Dragon (06/20/1941) - Released on video.  This title was
          originally conceived and released as a feature length film with a
          combination of live-action and animated sequences including a
          short story called "Baby Weems."  The video version includes just
          the sequences related to the Reluctant Dragon story.
Victory Through Air Power (07/17/1943)
Song of the South (11/02/1946) - This has been released on video in Europe
          and Japan.  It won an Oscar for Best Song ("Zip-A-Dee-Doo-Dah").
          In addition, a special award was given to James Baskett for his
          role as Uncle Remus.
So Dear To My Heart (01/19/49) - Features Bobby Driscoll, who was the child
          actor in Song of the South, and who had provided the voice of
          Peter Pan.  Set in 1903, it has much of the style of Song of the
          South in its mix of live-action and animation.  It was released
          on video in the US in early October, 1992.
Lambert, the Sheepish Lion (1952) - Released on video as a Mini-Classic
          with "Willie, the Operatic Whale."
Mary Poppins (08/27/64) - Nominated for Best Picture.  An interesting and
          ironic story is that Julie Andrews originated the lead role in
          the Broadway version of My Fair Lady, but lost the part to Audrey
          Hepburn for the 1964 screen version.  Andrews was subsequently
          cast as the lead in Mary Poppins, her first movie, for which she
          won Best Actress.   Audrey Hepburn was not even nominated that
          year, although My Fair Lady won 8 Oscars that year, including
          Best Picture, beating out Mary Poppins for that award.  Mary
          Poppins also won for Best Song ("Chim-Chim-Cher-ee"), Best Score,
          Film Editing, and Special Visual Effects.  This was released on
          video in 1986.
Bedknobs and Broomsticks (10/07/71) - Won an Oscar for Special Visual
          Effects.  This has been released on video.
Pete's Dragon (11/03/77) - Released on video in 1991.
The Small One (1978) - A short film directed by Don Bluth.
Tron (1982)- Significant for its use of computer graphics and effects.
          This was released to the rental markets on video some time ago
          (early '80s).
Mickey's Christmas Carol (1983) - Available on video.
Winnie the Pooh and a Day for Eeyore (1983) - Available on video.
The Brave Little Toaster (1988) - Released on video in 1991.  The animation
          for this was done by Hyperion Pictures, not Disney.
DuckTales: The Movie (1990) - Released on video.  Although full length,
          this isn't included because it did not meet "classic" animation
          standards (it was produced/animated outside the Disney Studios),
          and was released under the "Disney MovieToons" label.
The Prince and the Pauper (11/23/1990) - This was released in the theaters
          with The Rescuers Down Under.  It was released on video in 1991.

     Many films have been released in Japan and elsewhere on LaserDisc, and
such versions can be obtained via US dealers.  Films in this category
include: Lady and the Tramp, Song of the South, Dumbo, Sword in the Stone,
Peter Pan, and Mary Poppins (in letterboxed format).  Here are a couple of
dealers who may carry these titles:
     Laser Land
     1035 S. Saratoga-Sunnyvale Rd.
     Campbell, CA
     (408)-253-3733  (San Francisco Bay Area)

     Laser & Video
     8780 Warner Avenue #9
     Fountain Valley, CA  92708
     (800)-342-9715  (mention you're looking for an import disc)

     Ken Crane's
     (714)-892-2283

2) Where can I get a copy of {Cinderella, Lady and the Tramp, other hard to
     find video(s)}?

     In general, the "premium" Disney animated feature films are released
for a limited time.  Like The Little Mermaid, that "limited time" may be a
matter of two years and 8.5 million copies, but after Disney decides to
stop taking orders and all the copies are sold, they are not replenished.
The only way to get the videos are: to search smaller, more obscure video
stores that might have some left over; to buy from somebody who has one and
is willing to sell (check out your favorite Disneyana convention- there are
often sellers there); to buy one from a used video store where somebody, by
some offbeat chance, has sold it to the store; to buy one from a place that
rents videos, and has multiple copies of the video you want (you might have
to negotiate with the owner); or to rent it and keep it and take the
extraordinarily high charge and whatever other penalty video stores dole
out for people who don't return their videos.  It might be hard to find a
good copy of an older film.
     Films known to be out of print: Pinocchio (1984 edition), Robin Hood
(1985 edition), Sleeping Beauty, Lady and the Tramp, Cinderella, Fantasia
(which is slowly getting scarce), Peter Pan, The Jungle Book, and The
Little Mermaid.  Beauty and the Beast, 101 Dalmatians, The Rescuers, The
Rescuers Down Under, and The Great Mouse Detective are also no longer being
produced, though you can still find these (in NTSC format).
     In the January 22, 1993 issue of Entertainment Weekly, on page 65
there is an article about out of print cartoon videos.  Mentioned in the
article is Norman Scherer, owner of the Video Oyster in New York, who finds
hard to find videos for you.  He has a catalog; call (212)-480-2440.  He is
quotes as saying that some parents paid up to $200 for a copy of The Little
Mermaid, and the article gives $85 as the going rate for Lady and the
Tramp.  The Little Mermaid can be found at most Disneyana collectors shows
for around $50-80.
     Will Disney re-release the movies?  It's all up to speculation.  Some
contemplate a video re-release every 7 to 10 years or so, like the movies
themselves into the theaters.  Pinocchio has been re-released onto video
after a seven to eight year wait.  Only time will tell.

2b) Can I get Song of the South in the US?  Why doesn't Disney release this
     in the US?

     Song of the South is not available in standard, NTSC VHS format in the
US.  You can obtain it in the US as a Japanese import LD from any LD dealer
that sells imported LDs, or as a PAL VHS tape overseas.
     It is widely believed that the primary reason Disney will not release
the film in the US is due to their concern over the racial stereotyping of
blacks as slaves in the film.  This policy could change in the future.

3) Where can I get Disney-related GIF (JPEG, etc.) pictures?  (And what are
     GIFs anyway?)

     GIF stands for "Graphics Interchange Format." A GIF picture is a file
that contains a compressed, machine-independent image.  To view one, you
need a GIF viewer for your machine (there are viewers available for most
platforms).  JPEG is an alternate image storage format (i.e. it uses a
different form of compression and encoding).  You can find further
information in the FAQs for the alt.binaries.pictures.* groups.  The
current rec.arts.disney FAQs (as well as others) can be FTP'd from
rtfm.mit.edu.
     Disney considers it a violation of copyright to distribute images into
a publicly accessible place.  It is legal, however, to create images for
your own personal use.
     There are many Disney GIFs floating around, but there isn't any
official way to get them.  Here are some common methods, however:

Internet FTP-  There isn't any "official" site for Disney GIFs.  Many GIFs
          sites have some in their collection.  tezuka.rest.ri.cmu.edu
          (128.2.209.227) has quite a few GIFs dedicated to the Disney
          Afternoon. Various images can be found at ftp.ugcs.caltech.edu
          (131.215.139.82) in /pub/disney/images.  There are also a few at
          wuarchive.wustl.edu (128.252.135.4), although you might have to
          search.  If you know of others, please send me their name (and IP
          address, if you have it), and I'll mention them here.

alt.binaries.pictures - This Usenet newsgroup will carry uuencoded versions
          of GIFs.  The biggest problem with finding and distributing via
          this method is that not all news sites carry this group.
          Pictures here are "uuencoded," meaning they are converted from an
          8-bit binary format to an ASCII form suitable for mail/news
          distribution.  You will need the equivalent of UNIX's "uudecode"
          command to convert them back to a binary format.

Compuserve- Compuserve has several graphics forums that carry Disney GIFs.
          One is the FLORIDA forum, which has a couple of Disney-dedicated
          sections.  Use the Graphics File finder (go GRAPHFF) to find any
          others in the Graphics forums.  Connect time on Compuserve is
          $4.80/hour at 2400 baud, and $9.60/hour at 9600 baud on top of a
          basic fee of $8.95/month.   Connect time will drop to $4.80/hour
          after Feb 5.  Any images on Compuserve must have approval from
          the Walt Disney Company before they can be made available for
          download.
               Disney Software has a section in GAMBPUB.  In their library,
          they have software demos and pictures.
               The EDRIVE (Entertainment Drive) forum features Disney GIFs
          and animations (QuickTime clips), as well as a Disney section.

America On-Line- On March 4, 1993, AOL pulled its Disney GIFs after being
          contacted by a Disney representative.  America Online has a
          Disney following in the Travel section, and a Walt Disney World
          section under the keyword 'Disney'.  Connect time on AOL is
          $9.95/month which includes 5 hours of time.

Delphi - Features a Disney forum.  For further information, see question
          #99, below.

GEnie- GEnie has the Disney Roundtable which carries hundreds of Disney
          GIFs.  GEnie has graphics direct from Disney's press and
          publicity department, as well as graphics contributed by members.
          Connect time on GEnie is as low as $3.00/hour at 2400 baud and
          $9.00/hour at 9600 baud.

Mickey's Kingdom BBS - (909)-242-3975

Mouse House BBS - (714)-535-3761, no fees.  Online since Sep 1993, Wildcat
          BBS; up to 14.4Kbps.

The Disney Software BBS - The Disney Software bulletin board, run by
          Disney.  It's number is: (818)-567-4027.  This BBS is primarily
          for the support of Disney Software, but also includes general
          Disney info.  Settings are N81, 300-9600 bps.  It supports the
          ANSI BBS protocol.

Some online contacts to Disney Software include:
          America Online: DisneySoft
          CompuServe: 71333,14
          Delphi: DISNEYSOFT
          Disney BBS: Disney SYSOP
          FIDONet: Disney SYSOP (in the Disney Conference)
          GEnie: DISNEYSOFT
          Internet: [e-mail] (effectively the America Online
          address)
          Prodigy: BWBF40A

4) Is there a Disney specific FTP site?  How about a WWW (World-Wide Web)
     site?

     At this time, the Walt Disney Company has no anonymous FTP sites or
BBS's, and there are no current plans for creating any corporate approved
ones at this time.  Do not try to telnet or FTP into machines on the
disney.com domain- you'll only be wasting bandwidth (and creating headaches
and otherwise annoying network administration at Disney).
     If you would like to FTP and obtain Disney information, try
cco.caltech.edu (inside the US) in pub/disney/rec.arts.disney or
yoyo.cc.monash.edu.au (this site is in Australia), in pub/disney. There are
various documents that can be obtained from these locations- the CalTech
site mirrors most of yoyo.  Also, Disney Software runs a BBS (see question
3 above), and has plans to create a disneysoft.com based FTP site.
     You can also explore the following locations:
          yoyo.cc.monash.edu.au: /pub/disney
          nctuccca.edu.tw: /USENET/comp.archives/rec/arts/disney
          quartz.rutgers.edu: /pub/disney
          sol.ctr.columbia.edu: /pub/DA
          ftp.wang.com: /pub/lar3ry (DIS' 'n' DAT newsletter archive)
          ftp.io.com: /pub/usr/kazrak/Disney/WDW (Unofficial WDW Guide)
          ftp.netcom.com: /pub/be/bertino (ASCII art, attraction scripts,
          and Fidonet echo transcripts)
          ftp.ugcs.caltech.edu: /pub/disney/images
          ftp.funet.fi: /pub/pics/tv+film/misc and /pub/pics/tv+film/Disney
          ftp.ctr.columbia.edu: /pub/DA
     Revisions to this list are welcome.
     The Motion Picture Screen Cartoonists and Affiliated Optical
Electronic and Graphics Arts, Local 839 IATSE has an FTP site with
information about their organization.  The site is ftp.netcom.com, in
/pub/mpsc839.  For further information, send e-mail to [e-mail].

     There are quite a few WWW sites popping up.  To access them, you will
need a WWW capable browser, such as Mosaic, which you use via your Internet
connection.  For starters, here are a couple of sites:
     http://bvp.wdp.com
          This is the official Buena Vista Pictures site.  At the site you
          can find a variety of information about recent film releases, as
          well as QuickTime motion video clips.
     http://www.rpi.edu/~wilmesj/disney.html
          This is a site created by Josh Wilmes, a fellow rec.arts.disney
          fan.  It includes links to other sites (to be added to the FAQ
          soon).
     http://gagme.wwa.com/~boba/kids.html
          Not fully Disney related, but lots of good cross-references in
          this one for the young at heart.
     http://www.wwu.edu/~n9044842/index.html
          Walt Disney World resort info, put together by Robert Stephens.
     http://www.update.uu.se/~starback/disney-comics
          Disney Comics WWW page, put together by Per Starback
([e-mail])

5) What are serigraph cels?  Are they "real" cels?

     Serigraph cels (also called "sericels") are not "real" cels, meaning
that although they are printed on an acetate cel, they are not actually
used in the production of an animated film or short.  The serigraph process
involves creating a master cel by hand, usually based on an image from a
film or from animator's drawings.  A serigraph machine, which lays down the
colors, is then used to make copies.  It is a normal art process (meaning
that serigraphs are truly "art"), but in general, I wouldn't invest in
serigraphs hoping to make huge amounts of money like those who deal with
actual production cels.  In fact, the Dec/Jan 1993 issue of Storyboard
mentions that people who have tried to sell their serigraphs and other
limited editions find that galleries typically offer around half of the
original retail price.  The current rate for Disney serigraphs is $250 for
"limited-editions" of 2500 pieces.  They are generally unnumbered.
     Disney has also released a line of hand-painted cels and backgrounds,
most around the price of $2000-3000 each.  They have also released some in
the range of $4000-5000 each (e.g. the Beauty and the Beast ballroom scene,
at $3800, and the Seven Dwarfs image, at $5200).  These too are not
production cels- they are painted by artists in the Disney Studio Art
Program.  These are *numbered*- i.e. you can see a number on the cel that
looks like "322/500", which means that the one you are looking at is number
322 out of an edition size of 500.  Some of the releases in this program
include:  a scene from Fantasia (Ben Ali Gator holding the Hyacinth Hippo
aloft); an excellent Lady and the Tramp (Lady and the Tramp at the
spaghetti table); a scene from Pinocchio (the Blue Fairy looking at both
Jiminy Cricket and Pinocchio on Gepetto's bench); a scene from 101
Dalmatians (Pongo, Perdita, and puppies watching TV).  Only the cels are
hand-painted; the backgrounds are lithographed (reproduced).  There are
others as well.
     The Walt Disney Company is also selling cels directly from the
following movies: The Little Mermaid, Oliver & Company, The Great Mouse
Detective, The Black Cauldron, The Fox and the Hound, and The Rescuers.
You should also be able to find cels from most, if not all, of the
television series.
     Here is a description of the different cel types sold by the Disney
Art Program taken from a brochure on Disney animation art from the
Disneyana store on Main Street at Disneyland:
     Production Cels - Original production cels are colorful paintings on
acetate, created by studio artists, then photographed and actually used in
a film or television program action sequence.  Disney Art Editions offers
these one-of-a-kind cels taken from more recent feature films and
television programs.
     Hand-Inked-Line Limited-Edition Cels - Since few production cels from
earlier animated features and shorts exist, Disney recreates cels of the
most classic moments in limited editions.  Hand-inked-line cels are made
using traditional animation techniques, exactly as the production cels were
originally made for so many classic Disney films. This includes tracing an
animation drawing onto acetate by hand with different color inks and hand-
painting it with gum or acrylic-based colors formulated exclusively in
Disney laboratories.  The work is done by a small cadre of Disney artists
who have kept this almost-forgotten art alive.  Some hand-inked-line cels
are also combined with backgrounds.
     Xerographic-Line Limited-Edition Cels - Xerographic-line cels, instead
of being hand-inked, are created by transferring the original animation
drawing to the acetate cels by a special six-step xerographic process, a
refinement pioneered by Walt Disney Studios in the late 1950s.  101
Dalmatians was the first feature film to be created entirely with this
revolutionary process.  Many of the cels are then enhanced with hand-inked
lines before being painted with Disney colors and combined with a
lithographic background.
     Serigraph Cels - Serigraph cels, or sericels, recreate images of
Disney's famed cast of characters.  To produce a sericel, Disney artists
create a hand-inked, hand-colored painting or model of Disney characters,
which is then transferred to the acetate cel by a silk-screen printing
process known as serigraphy.
     Notes from the brochure glossary:
     Cel:  An outline, or line drawing, of a character and sometimes
certain special effects, either hand-inked or xerographically transferred
onto a clear sheet of cellulose acetate.  The image is then painted on the
back side of the sheet.  Cels are mostly in two standard sizes: a 12-field,
about 12 by 10 inches; or 16-field, approximately 16 by 12 inches.
     Background:  A painting of a scene to be used as a background for the
animated action.  Thousands of cels may be photographed over a single
background to create one scene in an animated film.  A production
background is one actually used in a film.
     Cel Set-Up:  One or more cels overlaid on a background.
     Animation Drawing:  A pencil drawing on animation paper, created by
the animator and used as the basis for an image on a cel.
     Storyboard Drawing:  A drawing or story sketch made for the
storyboard, which conveys visually the original plot and action.  The
storyboard serves as a preliminary guide for those working on the film.
     Publicity Cel:  A cel not actually used in a film, but created instead
solely for publicity or promotional purposes.
     Limited-Edition Cel:  A cel created specifically for the collector
market in a pre-determined quantity.
     Model Sheets:  Drawings of a grouping of characters or a single
character in a variety of attitudes and expressions, create as a reference
guide for animators.

6) What art galleries sell Disney cels and other collectibles?

     Before I give you the list, I'll say a few words of advice about cel
collecting that echoes what many people have said on rec.arts.disney over
the years (or months):   Buy only what you like.  Don't get caught up in
"auction fever."  Many cels may not be worth close to their asking price.
Make sure you check the condition of the cel closely.  Cels that involve
popular scenes and characters, and have good views of the characters (e.g.
frontal view, both eyes showing) will be worth more.  Buy only genuine
production cels if you are interested in investor value, otherwise forget
about the resale value and look for what you like.  Shop around.
Negotiate.
     There are several types of cel set-ups available (listed here in rough
order of cost, from cheapest to most expensive): Full reproductions (e.g.
serigraphs, or hand-painted reproductions, such as those discussed in
question #5); actual movie cels with no backgrounds; actual movie cels with
lithographed (reproduced backgrounds); and actual movie cels with real
backgrounds.
     Some galleries also carry drawings, storyboards, etc.
     There are actually quite a few galleries.  Many are owned by people
who are simply interested in the field, like you and me; they're not
necessarily "big time" operations.  Here is a list I've drawn up (by no
means complete).  I've only listed phone numbers so that you can call and
get information regarding addresses/catalog pricing/etc.  Many places have
free catalogs.  I personally can't vouch for any of them, as I haven't
ordered anything except catalogs from any of these places (you might just
want to post to rec.arts.disney, and see what others who have had
experience buying cels might suggest).  I welcome additions to this list.

     Gallery               Phone
     All American          (800)-872-8850  (Fair Lawn, NJ)
          Collectibles
     Animation Alley       (800)-772-8666, (714)-776-8666  (Anaheim,
                           CA)
     Animation Art         (215)-925-2009  (Philadelphia, PA)
          Resources
     The Animation         (800)-223-5328  (La Jolla, CA)
          Celection
     Animation             (818)-988-7706  (Los Angeles, CA)
          Collectible
          Center
     Animation Source      (203)-776-7111  (New Haven, CT)
     Animators Gallery     (800)-972-6688, (914)-779-0046
          of Cartoon Art   (Bronxville, NY)
     ArtWorks              (800)-535-5070  (Alexandria, VA)
     C.A. Brooks           (516)-487-3556  (New York, NY)
          Animation Art
     The Cartoon Art       (800)-245-6633  (Indian Wells, CA)
          Store
     Cartoon Galleria      (800)-767-0928  (Sacramento, CA)
     Cartoon Gallery       [phone]  (Sydney, NSW, Australia)
     Cartoon Kingdom       (609)-243-9960  (Princeton, NJ)
     The Cel Block         (800)-334-8799  (New Hope, PA)
     Cel Magic             (510)-7360119  (Danville, CA)
     Circle Gallery        (several branches, including the
                           Disneyland Hotel complex)
     Cricket Gallery       (800)-BUY-CELS  (Atlanta, GA)
     Collector's           (818)-785-4080  (Studio City, CA)
          Paradise
     Film Art Galleries    (516)-935-8493  (Old Bethpage, NY)
     Fine Toon Gallery     (713)-522-6499  (Houston, TX)
     Gallery C             (919)-828-3165  (Raleigh, NC)
     Gallery In Motion     (800)-788-0445  (Kansas City, MO)
     Gallery Lainzberg     (800)-553-9995  (Cedar Rapids, IA)
     Gifted Images         (800)-726-6708  (Rockville Centre, NY)
     Howard Lowery         (818)-972-9080  (Burbank, CA)
     Leslie Brooks         (718)-279-3861  (Little Neck, NY)
     Lewis Gallery         (805)-584-8462  (Simi Valley, CA)
     Lynne Novick          (609)-653-0770  (Linwood, NJ)
     Magic Moments         (603)-883-9770, (603)-888-3457  (Nashua,
                           NH)
     Marina Fine Arts      (310)-305-7678  (Marina Del Rey, CA)
     Mike Cluff's          (805)-927-1250  (Cambria, CA)
     M.j.Manfred           (412)-561-6665  (Pittsburgh, PA)
     Mostly Art            (203)-348-6270  (Stamford, CT)
     One-Of-A-Kind         (404)-377-3333  (Decatur, GA)
          Cartoon Art
     Optimum Arts          (707)-864-5709 (event recording), (707)-
                           864-2132 (voice)
     Phillips              (212)-570-4830  (New York, NY)
          Collectibles
     Reel Characters       (201)-628-8714  (Wayne, NJ)
          Gallery
     Russ Wolkoff          (818)-752-1755  (Los Angeles, CA)
     San Francisco         (800)-8DAFFY8, (415)-441-8900  (S.F., CA)
          Animated Art,
          Inc.
     Saturday Morning      (518)-482-5405
          Animation
     Scott & Leslie's      (714)-538-6893  (Orange, CA)
     Seaside Art           (919)-441-5418  (Nags Head, NC)
     Silver K Fine Art     [phone]  (Armadale and Chadstone,
                           Victoria, Australia)
     Silver Stone          (310)-598-7600  (Long Beach, CA)
          Gallery
     Sir Issac Gallery     (703)-834-1288  (Herndon, VA)
     Stabur Corp.          (800)-346-8940, (313)-425-7940  (Livonia,
                           MI)
     Stay Tooned Gallery   (708)-382-2357  (Barrington, IL),
                           (708)-234-3231 (Lake Forest, IL);
                           (612)-927-8797 (Edina, MN)
     Suspended Animation   (407)-934-7683  (Walt Disney World
                           Vacation Village)
     Sweatbox Art          (408)-225-9698  (San Jose, CA)
     Toon Dude             (818)-883-9056  (Tarzana, CA)
     Toys To Go            (215)-649-2555, (215)-649-8444  (Ardmore,
                           PA)
     Vintage Animation     (213)-393-8666  (Santa Monica, CA)
          Gallery

Here are reviews of the Australian galleries, provided by Tim Pickett
([e-mail]):
     The Cartoon Gallery is fairly small and has not only cels but original
comic strips and a few items related to stop-motion animation.  About 30%
of their collection is from Disney.  They deal mainly in production cels
and sericels, with few limited-edition cels.  The going price for a
(US$250) sericel is A$475.
     Silver K Fine Art has a larger collection, much of it Disney.  They
seem to deal mainly in sericels and limited-edition cels.  The going price
for a (US$250) sericel is A$525.

     Cels are also sold at the Disney theme parks.  Serigraphs and cels are
sold at the Disney Stores (see question #14).  The Disney Store has twice
offered a line of production cels with reproduced backgrounds from The
Little Mermaid.  Each Disney Store should have a special order book that
will allow you to examine limited edition, production cel, and serigraph
images for purchase.
     Figurines can be bought from the Walt Disney Collector's Society and
its authorized dealers (there are quite a few).  For information about the
WDCS, write to:
     Walt Disney Collectors Society
     500 South Buena Vista Street
     Burbank, CA 91521-6876
     (818)-567-5500

7) To what degree are computers being used in Disney animated films today?

     There seems to be a lot of confusion on this issue, partly because
Disney seems to be trying to remain at least a little secretive about the
exact processes they use.  But here's some information obtained and
consolidated from various sources, including the periodical Computer
Graphics World and some reference books on Disney animation and computer
graphics.
     Much of the computer graphics rendering work is done by the artists at
Disney's Computer Generated Imagery (CGI) department in Glendale, CA.
There were 14 animators and software engineers there for the production of
Beauty and the Beast (they're listed in the credits).
     Computers are used for several different purposes in Disney animation.
One purpose is to process the colorization of the "cels" (I put that in
quotes because while there still are pre-production cels, they don't look
like the final product- more on this in a moment).  Another purpose for
computers is for the generation of backgrounds.  A third purpose is for the
generation of certain types of animated objects.  A fourth purpose is for
simple modeling.  There are probably others.  Remember that the ultimate
goal of any computer system, of course, is to increase the efficiency and
creativity of its users as well as reducing or eliminating as much of the
redundant, "grunt" work as possible.
     The colorization and compositing of the characters is the most notable
use, as it represents the biggest change in the state of the art of Disney
animation.  In the original process, the animators would draw an image on
paper to be transferred onto a cel by an inker, who would pass the cel on
to be carefully colored by hand.  In general, consecutive cels would use
the same colors (i.e. although a particular character wouldn't always be
the same color during the entire film depending on light and shadow, or
other Disney magic, the next frame of animation is often times very similar
to the frame before it).  This represented a lot of redundancy.
     An aside:  note that after Sleeping Beauty, however, Disney animators
drew on paper, frame by frame, and had their drawings transferred to cels
via a xerography process (rather than via an inker) to be individually
colored.  Also note that cel coloring was applied to the back of the cel,
not the front, although the cels themselves were still inked on the front.
     With modern computer graphics, this process can be eliminated,
speeding up the rate of output significantly.  The title for the new system
is CAPS, which stands for "Computerized Animation Production System."
Animators' drawings are transferred directly to a computer, where the
computer colors the image based on color models.  This is not an automatic
process, but a given palette can be repeatedly applied by the computer
artist far more quickly than an artist can color a bunch of cels by hand.
The last scene from The Little Mermaid (Ariel and Eric kissing) used the
process.  Most, if not all, of The Rescuers Down Under, and all of Beauty
and the Beast used the process.  In addition, there is still quite a bit of
cleanup work done by hand- including the process of transferring animators'
original drawings onto clean sheets of paper to be scanned into the CAPS
system.  There is some final cleanup that is done via computer to make sure
all is well and perfect with each individual image.
     There are other advantages of the process as well.  Since the images
are effectively digitized in a computer, they can be manipulated and merged
at will.  The impressive multiplane (3D) effect at the opening of Beauty
and the Beast, where the camera travels through a forest past an animated
waterfall, took advantage of the CAPS process; in the past, a multiplane
effect would be difficult at best.  For example, the final scene in the
"Ave Maria" sequence from Fantasia, involved building a horizontal camera
crane, moving the camera along a track "through" panes of glass on which
the images of the forest, cathedral, and sunburst at the end, with the
panes of glass being yanked out of the way when they became out of focus.
Since then, alternative techniques were used, but none of these is as easy
as simply using a computer to move and blur images in pseudo-3D space.
     Other advantages of CAPS include the ability to easily blur images
that are "out of focus" relative to the camera position, to blend (e.g. the
blush on Belle's cheeks) and to intricately shade the characters (e.g.
Belle and the Beast dancing in the ballroom- you were watching them, not
the spinning background, right? :-) ).  An artist can also combine images
of different sizes seamlessly; i.e. you can draw the image at any size and
enlarge/shrink to fit as necessary.  It is easier to do a test animation
sequence in a lower resolution first, before using a final, resource hungry
high resolution sequence.  In addition, the computer can be used to
actually create and calculate special effects, such as the turbulence of
the dust storm in the wake of the wildebeest stampede, or the mist of
waterfalls, in The Lion King.
     Other miscellaneous benefits include access to a wider range of
colors (if you've used any 24-bit color computer paint/DTP program on a
Mac or PC, you can see how this works- you get 16.7 million exact colors
versus whatever number of potentially imprecise colors you can come up by
just mixing paint), and the coloring of the lines that border the
characters.  Note the black lines that border the characters in films
after Sleeping Beauty:  a Xerox process was used that introduced this.
This was something that annoyed Walt Disney when it was introduced, but it
helped speed up the production rate.  Later, the studio experimented with
different toner types, and was able to reduce the boldness of the lines.
Also, exact color matching can be easily achieved, as a color is
represented by a 36-bit recordable numeric value, plus as 12-bit alpha
channel which can be used for special effects.  An example of such as use
of color would be how Jasmine's shadow matches the non-moving shadows of
the trees in her garden, in Aladdin.
     Another significant use of computers is the generation of backgrounds.
Although 99% of the backgrounds are painted (and colored) by hand (and then
entered into the CAPS system), there are some notable exceptions.  (Note
that for a background, it's not necessarily better to color by computer
since an artist can paint with a brush just as well, if not better, and
there isn't a lot of redundancy since the same background is repeatedly
used; incidentally, there were 1300 background created by 14 artists for
Beauty and the Beast.)  The most notable exception to date is probably the
ballroom in Beauty and the Beast.  The spinning ballroom sequence was first
choreographed using Wavefront Technologies software on an SGI machine, then
modeled in 3D using the Alias software and finally rendered frame by frame
using the Renderman software (probably using some form of distributed
processing, or at least rendering different images on different computers).
The animators' drawings of Belle and the Beast were then merged normally
using CAPS.  In addition, a computer-rendered table was used in the "Be Our
Guest" sequence (the scene where Mrs. Potts is singing, with little tea-
cups circling her).  The staircase that Ariel runs down before first seeing
Eric with Vanessa in The Little Mermaid also was generated via computer.
     There is some discussion of CAPS in the book The Art of The Lion King,
pages 188-192.  For a reference on this book, see the book section in
Question #99, below.  To date, the best article on CAPS is in the July 1994
Computer Graphics World, which contains more specifics.
     Yet another use of computers is for certain types of 3D objects.  The
modeling and rendering process is similar to that of the Beauty and the
Beast ballroom.  Some examples include: the gears in The Great Mouse
Detective during the chase scene at the climax; the carriage in The Little
Mermaid, external views of the villain's vehicle, and the Sydney opera
house in The Rescuers Down Under; the dancing forks on the cake chandeliers
in the "Be Our Guest" sequence in Beauty and the Beast.
     A final, minor use of computers, would be for simple modeling.  For
example, the ship at the beginning of The Little Mermaid was wireframe
modeled on computers, but was drawn by hand.  I'm sure the Disney artists
have found other ways to use computers to assist them, much in the same way
they might use clay models to visualize various objects (such as the
characters themselves).

     Aside from using computers to produce the films, the digital domain
offers some advantages to the older films as well.  For example, the recent
release of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs has been digitally restored
("cleaned-up") by Imagineers working with Kodak using a process developed
in 1989 at the Kodak Cinesite digital film center in Burbank called
"Cineon" technology.  Snow White was originally restored in 1987 by YCM
Laboratories, but the restoration was not as good as Disney had hoped.
(YCM also restored Fantasia.)  In the process, each frame of the film is
digitized into the computer system and restored by hand.  The computer aids
the human restorer by remembering what was corrected and how it was
corrected and can apply that knowledge to other frames or other areas of
the same frame.  The entire process is designed to remove flaws from the
animated feature, such as color loss caused by the decay of the nitrate
based film or dust particles (even as they were photographed onto the film
itself way back in 1937 when the film was made).  The process is not
designed to remove animation errors.  At the peak of the project, 2000
frames per day were being cleaned, which occupied 15 terabytes of disk
space.  The sound was restored separately, using a software-based DSP and
editor to remove hisses and pops.  The soundtrack, although mono, was
slightly "stereo-ized" to give it more depth.

7b) Since computers are being used quite a bit in Disney films now, does
     that mean there are no "genuine" cels from the movies?

     There are no more original production cels that were used directly for
on-screen images in any Disney animated feature film after The Little
Mermaid.  Hand-inked cels are created as color models during the production
process, and hand-inked cels will probably be created for the purpose of
auctioning backgrounds (note: if you look closely through the Sotheby's
catalogue for the Mermaid auction, it is advertised as a background
auction, not a cel auction).  For the Sotheby's auction for Beauty and the
Beast and for Aladdin, Disney auctioned genuine backgrounds used in the
production with one-of-a-kind cels created by hand by Disney artists.
These cels were based on the directing animator's drawings.  See also
question #4 for a discussion of cel types.

8) I heard that Walt Disney is "cryopreserved"/"in cryogenic suspension."
     Is this true?

     No, this is an "urban legend," although a joke goes "Yes- he's in
suspended animation" :-).  Walt Disney died at 9:35 am on December 15,
1966, of lung cancer.  He was cremated (quite the opposite of being frozen,
ironically) and is buried at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, CA.
His parents are buried there as well.
     This rumor did not come about completely out of the blue, however.
Some of the reasons this rumor started were: there was a small time period
between the time of Walt Disney's death and the public announcement of his
death; Walt himself is said to have shown an interest in cryogenics in his
final years (ref. the book Disney's World, see "Books" in question #99,
below); and even his animators have been quoted to say that it's an
interesting thought that Walt might someday return to "set things straight"
in the company.
     Incidentally, Walt was born on December 5, 1901, in Chicago, IL,
making him just over the age of 65 when he passed away.

9) Who did the voice of {Ariel, Belle, my favorite Disney character}?

     I can't include the voice of *every* Disney character here, but here
is a comprehensive list of the most popular characters.   One good
reference to the Disney movies is The Disney Studio Story, by Richard
Holliss and Brian Sibley, Crown Publishers, Inc., New York, NY, 1988, ISBN
#0-517-57078-5.   The most complete list, however, is the Encyclopedia of
Walt Disney's Animated Characters, by John Grant, ISBN 1-56282-904-1.  (See
"Books", in question #99, below.)  If you're looking for the voice of a
more obscure character, drop me a line, or just post.

This list is in approximate chronological order (by appearance).

Mickey Mouse: Walt Disney himself did the voices of both Mickey and Minnie
          in the early cartoons, including "Steamboat Willie."
          (Incidentally, "Plane Crazy" was Mickey's first cartoon,
          "Steamboat Willie" was Mickey's first cartoon with sound, and the
          first put into widespread release.)  By World War II, Disney had
          fully trained and then turned over the task to Jimmy MacDonald,
          who in turn trained Wayne Allwine, the current voice of Mickey.
Minnie Mouse:  Currently voiced by Russi Taylor.
Donald Duck: Initially voiced by Clarence Nash.  First appeared in "The
          Wise Little Hen."  Nash also voiced Donald in Mickey's Christmas
          Carol (1983).  He is currently voiced by Tony Anselmo, as Nash
          later passed away in the late '80s.
Goofy: Originally voiced by Pinto Colvig.  He is currently voiced by Bill
          Farmer.
Chip and Dale: Currently voiced by Tress MacNeille and Corey Burton,
          respectively.
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs - Snow White: Adriana Caselotti; Prince:
          Harry Stockwell; Wicked Stepmother: Lucille La Verne; Grumpy:
          Pinto Colvig
Pinocchio - Pinocchio: Dickie Jones; Jiminy Cricket: Cliff Edwards
Dumbo - Timothy: Edward Brophy; Stork: Sterling Holloway; Jim Crow: Cliff
          Edwards
Bambi - Thumper: Peter Behn; Bambi's Mother: Paula Winslowe; Flower:
          Sterling Holloway
Saludos Amigos, The Three Caballeros - Joe Carioca: Jose Oliveira
Make Mine Music - Willie the Whale: Nelson Eddy
Song of the South - Brer Rabbit: Johnny Lee; Brer Bear: Nicodemus Stewart;
          Uncle Remus/Brer Fox: James Baskett.  The boy (Johnny) was played
          by a young Bobby Driscoll.
Fun and Fancy Free - ("Mickey and the Beanstalk")- Giant: Billy Gilbert
The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad - Ichabod was narrated and sung by
          Bing Crosby.  Toad: Eric Blore; Cyril (the horse): Pat O'Malley
Cinderella - Cinderella: Ilene Woods; Prince Charming: Mike Douglas (the TV
          personality/talk show host); Stepmother: Eleanor Audley; Fairy
          Godmother: Verna Felton.
Alice in Wonderland - Alice: Kathryn Beaumont; White Rabbit: Bill Thompson;
          Cheshire Cat: Sterling Holloway; Queen of Hearts: Verna Felton
Lambert, the Sheepish Lion (short)- Narrated by Sterling Holloway (Dumbo,
          Alice In Wonderland, Jungle Book).
Peter Pan - Peter: Bobby Driscoll; Wendy: Kathryn Beaumont; Captain
          Hook/Wendy's Father: Hans Conried; Mr. Smee: Bill Thompson
Lady and the Tramp - Lady: Barbara Luddy; Tramp: Larry Roberts;
          Peg/Darling/Siamese Cats: Peggy Lee
Sleeping Beauty - Aurora: Mary Costa; Phillip: Bill Shirley; Maleficent:
          Eleanor Audley
101 Dalmatians - Cruella DeVille: Betty Lou Gerson; Pongo: Rod Taylor;
          Perdita: Cate Bauer; Roger: Ben Wright; Colonel: J.Pat O'Malley
The Sword in the Stone -Wart: Ricky Sorenson; Archimedes: Junius Matthews;
          Merlin: Karl Swenson; Madame Mim: Martha Wentworth
Winnie the Pooh: Initially voiced by Sterling Holloway (who you'll see pop
          up quite a bit in this list of Disney voices), who passed away in
          late 1992.  The first two Pooh stories (Winnie the Pooh and the
          Honey Tree and Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day) were
          narrated by Sebastian Cabot (The Jungle Book).  Other voices:
          Christopher Robin: Jon Walmsley; Tigger: Paul Winchell
The Jungle Book - Mowgli: Bruce Reitherman (son of the director, Wolfgang);
          Baloo: Phil Harris; Bagheera: Sebastian Cabot; Kaa: Sterling
          Holloway; King Louis: Louis Prima; Shere Khan: George Sanders;
          Colonel Hathi: J. Pat O'Malley
The Aristocats - Duchess: Eva Gabor; Thomas O'Malley: Phil Harris;
          Roquefort (mouse): Sterling Holloway: Scat Cat: Scatman Crothers;
          title song sung by Maurice Chevalier
Robin Hood - Robin: Brian Bedford; Little John: Phil Harris (The Jungle
          Book, The Aristocats); Prince John: Peter Ustinov; Sir Hiss:
          Terry Thomas; Allan-a-Dale (rooster): Roger Miller; Maid Marian:
          Monica Evans: Sheriff: Pat Buttram; Friar Tuck: Andy Devine; Lady
          Kluck: Carole Shelley
The Rescuers - Bernard: Bob Newhart; Bianca: Eva Gabor; Madame Medusa:
          Geraldine Page; Penny: Michelle Stacy; Mr. Snoops: Joe Flynn;
          Orville: Jim Jordan
The Fox and the Hound -Tod: Mickey Rooney; Copper: Kurt Russell; Big Mama
          (owl): Pearl Bailey
The Black Cauldron - Taran: Grant Bardsley; Eilonwy: Susan Sheridan;
          Dallben: Freddie Jones; Fflewddur Fflam: Nigel Hawthorne; the
          Horned King: John Hurt; Gurgi, Doli: John Byner
The Great Mouse Detective - Basil: Barrie Ingham; Dr. Dawson: Val Bettin;
          Ratigan: Vincent Price
Oliver and Company - Dodger: Billy Joel; Tito (Chihuahua): Cheech Marin;
          Georgette (poodle): Bette Midler; Einstein: Richard Mulligan
The Little Mermaid - Ariel: Jodi Benson; Sebastian: Samuel E. Wright;
          Ursula: Pat Carroll; Eric: Christopher Barnes; Scuttle: Buddy
          Hackett
The Rescuers Down Under - Bernard: Bob Newhart; Bianca: Eva Gabor; McLeach:
          (the) George C. Scott; Wilbur: John Candy; Jake: Tristan Rogers;
          Cody: Adam Ryen; Joanna: Frank Welker
Beauty and the Beast - Belle: Paige O'Hara; Beast: Robby Benson; Mrs.
          Potts: Angela Lansbury; Luminere: Jerry Orbach; Cogsworth: David
          Ogden Stiers; Gaston: Richard White; Lefou: Jesse Corti; Maurice:
          Rex Everhardt; Chip: Bradley Pierce; Wardrobe: JoAnne Worley
Aladdin- Aladdin: (speaking) Scott Weinger, (singing) Brad Kane;
          Genie/Trader: Robin Williams; Trader (singing): Bruce Adler;
          Princess Jasmine: (speaking) Linda Larkin, (singing) Lea Salonga;
          Abu, the monkey: Frank Welker; Jafar: Jonathan Freeman; Iago:
          Gilbert Gottfried; Sultan: Douglas Seal
The Lion King- Simba (young): Jonathan Taylor Thomas; Simba (adult):
          Matthew Broderick; Nala (young): Nikita Calame; Nala (adult):
          Moira Kelly; Musafa: James Earl Jones; Scar: Jeremy Irons;
          Sarabi: Madge Sinclair; Zazu: Rowan Atkinson; Rafiki: Robert
          Guillaume; Timon: Nathan Lane; Pumbaa: Ernie Sabella; Shenzi:
          Whoopi Goldberg; Banzai: Cheech Marin; Ed: Jim Cummings

Other voices:
Huey, Dewey, and Louie, and Webbigail  (DuckTales)- Russi Taylor
Darkwing Duck- Jim Cummings
Gosalyn (Darkwing Duck)- Christine Cavanaugh
Winnie the Pooh, Tigger (New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh)- Jim Cummings
Uncle Scrooge (Mickey's Christmas Carol, DuckTales): Alan Young
Roger Rabbit: Charles Fleischer

Theme parks:
Sam the Eagle (from "America Sings"): Burl Ives
Robot-Pilot from "Star Tours": Paul Reubens ("Pee-Wee Herman")
Ghost Host ("Haunted Mansion"), narrator from "Adventure Through Inner
          Space": Paul Frees
Singing Statue in Haunted Mansion Graveyard (among others at Disneyland):
          Thurl Ravenscroft

10) How do I get a job working for Disney?

     Of course, the answer to this depends on what you want to do.
     All Disney employees go through a training program which introduces
them to the Disney philosophy and some of the history of the company.
     If you're looking for a summer job at Walt Disney World, consult with
"Central Casting," located near the Disney Village, where you can get an
application.  Or you can write to "Professional Staffing", c/o WDW, at the
address in question #99 below.  At Disneyland, go to the customer relations
desk near the fire station on Main Street.  If you do get a summer job,
you'll probably be making minimum wage (and regularly shaving and getting a
hair cut if you're male, since facial hair is not allowed if you're in the
public eye- although animators at WDW seem to be an exception).
     WDW and DL have "College Programs," for which Disney actively sends
recruiters to colleges around the country to recruit students to work at
the parks for a semester.  Minimum work hours are about 30 hours per week,
starting around $5.60/hour.  Positions are filled for the summer and fall.
They try to fit you to your major, but most open positions are in food
service.  For WDW, you get to live in an apartment complex with 4-6 other
students (depending on size of the apartment), with your rent automatically
deducted.  Your college must be listed as eligible for the program.  I'd
recommend contacting the respective theme parks for further info (see
question #99 below for phone numbers), as well as your college's career/job
center.
     To get a job at the Disney Store, simply request a job application,
preferably from the store manager.  They aren't always hiring, but like
most retailers, will hire more employees for the Christmas season.  When a
new Disney Store is opened, a "Casting Call" advertisement is placed in the
local paper, and they will interview 300-400 people for 20-25 positions.
When a position becomes available, the hiring ratio is 15-20 interviews for
one Cast Member position.  If you would like to work at an existing Disney
Store, ask for an "interest card," which lets the store know when you are
available for work and an interview.  If you are called for an interview,
you will fill out a full application at that time.  For more information on
what's it's like to work at the Disney Store, see question #17, below.
     If you're interested in animation, you need to be talented and lucky.
It helps if you attended the California Institute of the Arts ("CalArts"),
which Walt Disney helped found, and currently has 900 students and five
schools (art, dance, music, film video, theater).  I suspect Disney
currently helps to fund CalArts.  (The address and phone information is
given in question #99.)  If you didn't attend CalArts, some other
prestigious school of art with some animation training will probably do
(some of the animators were hired out of the University of California at
Los Angeles, the University of Southern California, and the Art Center at
Pasadena).  If you do get a job as an animator, you'll probably start out
by working on "tweening" (i.e. drawing cels that lie in sequence between
the cels produced by the primary animators), so you won't have a lot of
creative freedom, and you'll probably be quite busy (i.e. working longer
than 8 hour days on a regular basis).  Show promise, get noticed, and the
sky's the limit.  At the very least, you get your name in the credits.  :-)

     Some notes about the structure of the Walt Disney Company:
     There are three top-level divisions: Movies & Television (Media
Entertainment), Merchandise, and the Theme Parks.  The Movies & Television
division, chaired by Joe Roth, is sub-divided into the Feature Animation
department, the Television Animation department, and the main studios (e.g.
live films, Touchstone, and Hollywood Pictures).  The Merchandise division
includes sub-divisions for the video releases (Buena Vista Home Video),
music releases (Buena Vista or Disneyland Records) general merchandise
management (including creation and licensing), etc.  The Theme Parks, of
course, include Disneyland, Walt Disney World, EuroDisney (the Disney
Company does not own EuroDisney in its entirety, by the way), and Tokyo
Disneyland.  The Theme Parks division is run primarily by Michael Eisner,
who is also CEO of the Company.  Each of these smaller divisions might be
subdivided; for example, the Feature Animation department includes the
Engineering division (e.g. CAPS), CGI (Computer Generated Imagery- e.g.
special effects), and the actual Animation units themselves.

     An address to write to regarding employment opportunities with the
studios would be:
          Walt Disney Studios
          500 S. Buena Vista St.
          Burbank, CA  91521-7320
     (The Walt Disney Company receives thousands of solicited and
          unsolicited resumes per month, but they do keep track of all of
          them.)
     Job hotlines at the Walt Disney Company:
          (818)-560-1811:  General Employment
          (818)-560-6335:  Film Industry Opportunities
     If you would like to submit your resume to Walt Disney Imagineering
via e-mail, send it to:
          [e-mail]
     Disney uses the Resumix database system to track the resumes they
receive.  I believe you can submit PostScript versions as well as standard
text (ASCII).

11) Is Goofy a dog, a horse, or what?

     Goofy is a dog.  He originally started life as "Dippy Dawg" early in
the history of the Disney studios, in both comic strips and short films,
but evolved into "Goofy" by 1934.  He first appeared in film in 1932 (as
Dippy Dawg) in Mickey's Revue.
     This begs the question "well, if Pluto is a dog too, then why don't
they act the same (e.g. why does Pluto not talk, why doesn't Goofy walk on
all fours, etc.)?"  My answer to that is because that's the way Walt wanted
it.  :-) Pluto is more of a pet to Mickey; Goofy is simply more
individualistic and anthropomorphised.  In addition, they're both different
breeds of dog. :-)  (I won't even get into the thread about how Goofy dated
Clarabelle Cow.)

12) How can I get the song lyrics to {The Little Mermaid, Beauty and the
     Beast, etc}?

     Disney song lyrics can be found via anonymous FTP on cco.caltech.edu
(pub/disney/rec.arts.disney/lyrics) or yoyo.cc.monash.edu.au (in
pub/rec.arts.disney/lyrics).  Lyrics to some Disney songs are also
available at ftp.uwp.edu, in pub/music/lyrics/m/misc.musical.  If you can't
FTP, send me e-mail ([e-mail]) and I can mail lyrics for The
Little Mermaid or Beauty and the Beast to you.
     Otherwise, you can order the sheet music from the Hal Leonard
Publishing Corporation, 7777 West Bluemound Road, P.O. Box 13819,
Milwaukee, WI 53213.  There is also The Illustrated Disney Song Book which
is published by Random House, Inc., of New York, NY, with the ISBN #0-394-
50745-2.  It contains the lyrics (and piano music) to many of the most
popular Disney songs.  There is a "New" Illustrated Disney Song Book as
well (bibliographical reference at the end of this question).  Sam Goody's
Musicland tends to carry a decent selection of sheet music.  The address to
the Walt Disney Music Company is given in question #99, below.
     There is quite a bit of Disney music available on CD and cassette; if
there is a demand for it, I'll add a list of Disney music to this list.
Disneyland/Buena Vista Records and Tapes (Burbank, CA 92521) is the
"official" label that distributes the majority of the music.

The New Illustrated Disney Songbook, introduction by Steven Spielberg
     Abrams, New York, 1986
     ISBN 0-810-90846-8 (Abrams)
     ISBN 0-881-88467-7 (Hal Leonard)
Notes: For voice and piano; includes chord symbols and guitar chord
diagrams.  Presents in sheet music format about eighty songs from such Walt
Disney movies as Cinderella, Dumbo, and Mary Poppins.  215 pages.

13) What are the Magic Kingdom Club benefits?

     As a Magic Kingdom Club (MKC) member, you receive the following
benefits:
     - Special offers on Theme Park admission (usually around a 10%
          discount- there's a price guide), including EuroDisney and Tokyo
          Disneyland
     - 10-30% discount on WDW resort accommodations
     - Ability to take advantage of special vacation packages
     - 10% discount on merchandise at The Disney Stores
     - Reduced admission to Pleasure Island, Typhoon Lagoon, River Country,
          and Discovery Island (at WDW)
     - Free membership in Entertainment Publications' "Travel America for
          Half Price"
     - Up to 30% discounts with National Car Rental
     - 10% discount on Delta Air Lines tickets when traveling to the theme
          parks
     - 15% discount on cruises aboard the Royal Caribbean Cruise Line
     - 10% discount on the Norwegian Cruise Line
     - 10% discount at the Paradise Guest Ranch in Wyoming
     - 10% discount on the Polynesian Luau
     - 10% seasonal discount on golf
     - Special Club Vacations in San Diego, CA

     There are a wide variety of vacation packages to choose from, with the
prices depending on where you stay and for how long, and what time of year
you visit the theme parks.
     I believe there is no charge for joining the MKC if your employer has
a group number.

     You can also join as a MKC Gold Card member.  You receive a
personalized, embossed Gold Card, a two-year subscription to Disney
Magazine (8 issues, worth $14.95), and a membership kit, containing a tote
bag, key chain, travel video, and 5 Disney Dollars.  The price for joining
is $49 for two years, which can be discounted $10 if you are a shareholder.
You also receive a list of toll free numbers to call to make travel
reservations.
     There is also a Magic Years Club for those over 60 years of age.  It
costs $35 for a 5-year membership, and has the same benefits as the
standard MKC, plus a few extras (an embossed card, tote bag, key chain,
bumper sticker, Magic Key newsletter).
     The phone numbers for the MKC, MKC Gold Card, and Magic Years Club are
given in question #99, below.

14) What are the stockholder benefits?

     The stockholder benefits have been discontinued for 1993.   As a
stockholder, you can obtain an Magic Kingdom Club Gold Card membership for
$10 off the normal rate (see also question #12, above).

Here is the body of a letter received by Michael R. Johnston
([e-mail]), from Jennifer LaGrow, Manager of Shareholder
Services, regarding this issue.

     ***** Begin quote *****

     May 10, 1993

     Due to the tremendous growth in our shareholder base of almost 100
     percent over the last year, and the substantially lower stock price
     resulting from the four for one stock split in April 1992, it is no
     longer economical for the Company to continue providing free
     memberships to approximately 800,000 shareholders.

     It is important that the Company be run as efficiently as possible so
     that it can offer stockholders and above-average rate of return.
     Disney stockholders have enjoyed a 28 percent annualized return over
     the last ten years ending December 31, 1992.  Over the same timeframe,
     the Standard & Poor's 500 has returned just 16 percent.  The Company
     recently increased its quarterly cash dividend by 19 percent -- from
     5.25 to 6.25 cents per share, beginning with the dividend which will
     be paid on May 20, 1993.

     There was a 100% increase in total shareholders, with approximately
     430,000 new Disney stockholders in calendar year 1992.  When we
     reviewed the costs involved in providing complimentary Magic Kingdom
     Club membership to these new stockholders, we determined that it would
     cost close to $3 million to service these new accounts in fiscal year
     1993.  We estimated that is would cost the Company an additional
     $600,000 in material and postage costs to provide complimentary MKC
     membership in 1993 to all the Company's record and beneficial owners.
     These figures do not even include the cost the Company incurs from the
     various discounts given to Magic Kingdom Club members.

     We also discovered that 30 percent of the Company's new 1992 record
     owners (as opposed to beneficial owners of stock held in "street
     name," for whom the Company does not have records) purchased only a
     single share of Disney stock. We estimate that it will cost the
     Company approximately $500,000 to service these one-share accounts in
     fiscal year 1993.  In a recent survey, approximately 10 percent of the
     stockholders surveyed said that they purchased Disney stock solely to
     receive shareholder benefits such as MKC membership. Since the hotel
     discount offered to shareholders through the MKC membership can be as
     high as $100 per night, you can see why the Company determined that it
     was not economical to offer complimentary membership to its
     stockholders.

     Magic Kingdom Club does provide membership programs to eligible
     corporations, firms and associations, although this is a separate
     program and does not have any impact on the shareholder benefit
     program.

     ***** End quote *****

If you'd like an annual report, write to:
     Walt Disney Company
     Shareholder Services
     4130 Cahuenga, Suite 310
     N.Hollywood, CA  91602
or call: (818)-505-7040.  The 1994 annual report, with Pocahontas on the
cover, is the latest.

14b) How can I purchase Disney stock?

     Shares of the Walt Disney Company are traded on the New York Stock
Exchange, under the symbol DIS.  In fact, Disney is one of the 30 stocks
that comprise the widely followed Dow Jones 30 Industrial Average.  You can
get stock quotes via the Internet using Mosaic (or another WWW browser) by
connecting to the site "http://www.secapl.com" and selecting the hypertext
link "Quote Server".  Enter the symbol "DIS" for Disney.
     There are a lot of people with an interest in purchasing a single
share of Disney stock.  If you currently have a full-service broker, ask
them if they would allow you to purchase a share for a reduced commission
(say $35-40).  The stock itself sells for around $40-45/share, so owning a
single share would probably be primarily for sentimental value more than
investment value.  Discount brokerages offer commissions around $40 or
below.  If you don't have a broker, you should be able to find one in your
local Yellow Pages under "Stock & Bond Brokers."  I personally recommend
that the brokerage be a member of the NYSE (not just the NASD and/or SIPD).
Also verify that they will send you the certificate free of charge after
you pay commission to buy the stock, and check to see if there is an
additional "odd-lot" commission, which is charged by some brokerages when
you purchase an amount of stock not a multiple of 100 (a "lot" is 100
shares).  You will need to fill out a simple form (similar to a bank
account or credit card application), and you must be 21 or over.
     For more information regarding the stock market in general, I
recommend the misc.invest FAQ.

15) What is Club 33?

     Club 33 is a somewhat exclusive club located in Disneyland.  It's not
really *exclusive* in the sense that anybody who is willing to wait 2-3
years on the waiting list and can afford the membership fee and annual dues
can join.  To get more information, you can write to Club 33, c/o
Disneyland (Disneyland's full address is included in question #99).
     Club 33 is located in New Orleans Square at Disneyland. It occupies
most of the upstairs of the buildings in that area.  As you exit from
Pirates of the Caribbean, turn left.  Just beyond the Blue Bayou restaurant
is a green door with the address 33.  In the atrium between the One of a
Kind shop and the pirate shop is a large staircase and an elevator (behind
a door) which serve as alternate entrances.  (These directions were taken
from the Disneyland FAQ.)
     Current individual membership fees are a $7,500 sign-up charge plus
$2,000 annual dues.  Corporate membership fees are higher.
     If you'd like a copy of the text of the brochures, drop me e-mail at
[e-mail].

16) What are the names of Ariel's sisters in The Little Mermaid?

     Ariel's sisters are: Aquata; Andrina; Arista; Atina; Adella; Allana.
(Note the second sister is "Andrina," not "Adrina.")  This information was
verified using both the songbook lyrics and the book The Little Mermaid:
Tales From Under the Sea.  There has been a debate over whether or not the
spelling of Ariel's last sister is "Allana" or "Alana."  The sheet music
and most of the books give it as "Allana," but the new Encyclopedia of Walt
Disney's Animated Characters lists it as "Alana."  "Allana" is most likely
correct.  It is not a credited voice in the movie.

17) What are the Disney Stores?

     The Disney Stores are a chain of retail stores dedicated entirely to
Disney merchandise.  They are located throughout the US and UK, and will
soon be opening in Japan and Europe; for the location of the one nearest
you, try calling the Disney Catalog at (800)-237-5751- there is a list in
the Disney Catalog itself.  The first Disney Store opened on May 28, 1987
in Glendale, CA.  As of May 1, 1994, there were 268 stores in operation.
I've found that the prices of certain merchandise at the stores are lower
than the prices of the same items at the theme parks.
     The Disney Store model is different than an average retail store.  As
you enter, the Disney Store logo is large and prevalent, usually overhead.
There are two glass cases to either side of the entrance one of which is
used for seasonal features, and the other a Disney scene portrayed by
plastic or wooden models.  There are other exterior decorations, including
a line of "film" which has in each frame a Disney character, being animated
from one frame to the next.  At the entrance of each store there is a
"greeter" who stands and greets entering guests (customers), and says good-
bye to departing guests.
     Inside the store, around the perimeter and overhead, are various
scenes (called "Animations") which differ from store to store throughout
the country.  Some scenes are from the movies; most are from cartoon shorts
or are original.  Which scenes appear in which Disney Store is dependent
upon the year in which the store opened.  Stores opened between 1987 and
1991 have unique combinations of scenes; stores opened during or after 1992
will have the same scene as other stores opened in the same year.  There
are usually two cash register locations, behind which hang Disney art
(cels, serigraphs, etc.).  At the back of the store is a large,
laserdisc-based projection screen for playing scenes from movies, cartoons,
music videos, etc., for the purpose of entertainment (and marketing Disney
videos and soundtracks).  The stores are kept well stocked and well
organized.
     The Disney Store receives entirely new merchandise on a regular basis
(on average about every two to three weeks).  There is a shipment of
general merchandise every week.  Every couple of months or so a new
promotion with a different theme is emphasized, sometimes based on the
season, other times based on the current movie in the theaters, etc.
     The employees, called Cast Members (like all Disney employees), are
trained in Disney culture, and are routinely kept up to date with current
activities at the theme parks, new programs on the Disney Channel, when new
movies and videocassettes will become available, etc.  This training
program is called "Traditions," and (usually) takes place at the store,
consisting of some videos and forms, which takes several four hour days
(two days of company history and info, plus 5 days of Guest Service
training).  There is an internal newsletter, called The Disney Store Scoop,
and award programs for Guest Courtesy, Teamwork, etc. that are reflected in
pins (which are not for sale).  Cast Members also attend fully paid Disney
Store trips to see the latest animated film release twice a year.
     The address of the "home base" of the Disney Stores is:
          101 N. Brand Blvd.  Suite 500
          Glendale, CA 91203
     (If you have a favorite Cast Member who you think shows performance
above and beyond the call of duty, send in a letter saying why.  It should
make them really happy. :-) )
     See also question #10.

18) Who were the "nine old men"?

     The "nine old men" were the group of lead animators who worked closely
with Walt Disney and the Disney studios from around the mid 1940's to the
mid 1980's.  The term "nine old men" was a takeoff from President Franklin
Delano Roosevelt's term for the U.S. Supreme Court justices.
     The nine old men, in alphabetical order with a fraction of some of the
notable characters and movies that they contributed to, are:
     Les Clark - Minnie Mouse, Mickey in Fantasia
     Marc Davis - Bambi, Cinderella, Sleeping Beauty, Cruella in 101
          Dalmatians
     Ollie Johnston - Dopey in Snow White, Mowgli in The Jungle Book,
          Bambi, Mr. Smee from Peter Pan
     Milt Kahl - Pinocchio, Robin Hood, Medusa in The Rescuers, Shere Khan
          in The Jungle Book
     Ward Kimball - Jiminy Cricket in Pinocchio, The Three Caballeros,
          Captain Hook (Peter Pan) Lucifer in Cinderella, Dwarfs in Snow
          White
     Eric Larson - Figaro in Pinocchio, horses in Beethoven's 6th in
          Fantasia
     John Lounsbery - Ben Ali Gator in Fantasia, Bambi, Victory Through Air
          Power, the wolf in Sword In the Stone
     Wolfgang Reitherman - Goofy, Cinderella, Rite of Spring in Fantasia,
          The Aristocats
     Frank Thomas - Bambi, Monstro the Whale from Pinocchio, Lady and Tramp
          from Lady  and the Tramp, Lady Tremaine from Cinderella, Dwarfs
          mourning in Snow White, Captain Hook (Peter Pan)

     These nine men worked on many of the Disney classics, from Snow White
to The Rescuers.  Not all of the nine men worked on all of the movies
(although there were some movies that all of them participated in,
including Cinderella).  Some of the other major animators at the Disney
studios included Ub Iwerks, Norman Ferguson, Ken Anderson, Mary Blair, Bill
Justice, Vladimir (Bill) Tytla, William Peet, and Wilfred Jackson (who was
the first director for Walt Disney), Hamilton Luske, and Freddy Moore.

19) Who are the current Disney animators?

     Robert Cook ([e-mail]) and Tim Pickett
([e-mail]) have created a comprehensive list of all of the
animators who have worked for Disney over the years.  These Cast and Crew
lists are available via anonymous FTP at cco.caltech.edu (if you're in the
US) in pub/disney/rec.arts.disney, or yoyo.cc.monash.edu.au in
pub/rec.arts.disney.  Please use yoyo outside normal business hours (the
site is 10 hours ahead of GMT- use the UNIX command "date -u" to get the
current GMT time), namely before noon US time, or on a Friday or Saturday.
Contact Tim Pickett ([e-mail]) for more info.

     Some (but certainly not all) of the lead animators in the recent films
include:

     Ruben Aquino - Ursula (The Little Mermaid); Maurice (Beauty and the
          Beast)
     James Baxter - Belle (Beauty and the Beast)
     Randy Cartwright- Magic Carpet (Aladdin)
     Lorna Cook - Contributed to Belle (Beauty and the Beast)
     Andreas Deja - Mickey Mouse (Prince and the Pauper); Triton (The
          Little Mermaid); Gaston (Beauty and the Beast); Jafar (Aladdin)
     Russ Edmonds- Max the dog (The Little Mermaid); Cody (The Rescuers
          Down Under); Philippe the horse (Beauty and the Beast)
     Eric Goldberg- Genie (Aladdin); directing Pocahontas with Mike Gabriel
     Will Finn- Grimsby (The Little Mermaid); Cogsworth (Beauty and the
          Beast); Iago the Parrot (Aladdin)
     Mark Henn - Stationed in Florida.  Contributed heavily to the
          character development of Belle and Mrs. Potts/Chip.  Was the lead
          animator on Jasmine (Aladdin).
     Glen Keane - Supervised The Fox and the Hound; characters include
          Ratigan (The Great Mouse Detective); Ariel (The Little Mermaid);
          Marahute (the Eagle) (The Rescuers Down Under); Beast (Beauty and
          the Beast); Aladdin (Aladdin).  Incidentally, Glen Keane is the
          son of Bil Keane, artist of the Family Circus comic strip.
     Lisa Keene - Background artist/supervisor
     Duncan Marjoribanks- Sebastian (The Little Mermaid), Abu (Aladdin)
     Tom Sito - Worked on layout and animated the Gaston wrestling scene in
          the pub (Beauty and the Beast)
     Dave Pruiksma- Bernard (The Rescuers Down Under); Mrs. Potts and Chip
          (Beauty and the Beast); Sultan (Aladdin)
     Nik Ranieri- Ursula (The Little Mermaid); Wilbur (The Rescuers Down
          Under); Luminere (Beauty and the Beast)
     Chris Wahl - Lefou (Beauty and the Beast), multiple characters
          (Aladdin)

     These animators led the teams that animated the characters they are
credited with.  Lead animators provide many of the story and character
ideas, but I am sure that many other ideas (and a lot of hard work) come
from the animators who work for the lead animator.

20) Where can I get the movie poster for {Beauty and the Beast, other
     Disney movie}?

     You can try just about any movie poster dealer that deals in current
posters.  Prices will vary.
Some things to know:  Posters aren't easy to mail.  You may need to send
the seller a mailing tube in which to hold the rolled poster.
     The following list was compiled from the periodical Movie Collector's
World, published at P.O. Box 309, Fraser, MI  48026.  Phone: (313)-774-
4311.  You might want to get a copy (published bi-weekly at a cover price
of $2.50) to see all the ads for yourself.  All of those listed here had at
least one Disney title in their advertisements.  Disclaimer: I can't vouch
for any of these places personally, since I have not ordered from any of
them.  As always, additions to this list are welcome.

     Comic Castle        3148 Midway Drive #113, San Diego, CA  92110
                         (619)-222-3302  (Tu, W, Th only, 11-6 PST)
     Mike Kinder         P.O. Box 772198, Winter Garden, FL  34777
                         (904)-394-3569, after 5 PM
     Mark J. Myler       3300 S. Tamarac #N101, Denver, CO 80231
                         (303)-368-1306
     The Movie Gallery   2072 Front Street, East Meadow, NY  11554
                         (516)-794-0294
     Pamela Banner       3409 Lake Montebello Dr., Baltimore, MD  21218-3151
                         (410)-235-7427  (10-6 EST M-Sa)
     Poster Emporium     P.O. Box 16681, Raytown, MO  64133-6681
                         (800)-877-7860
     Richard Hubel       549 88th Avenue North, St. Petersburg, FL 33702
                         (813)-578-1236
     Walls of Fame       2798 Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, NY  11229
                         (718)-692-3200

     If you do order from any of these (or other) places, I'd like to know
about your experiences (positive or negative).

21) Where can I find a particular Disney book?  How can I find an original
     version of a book that Disney adapted into a movie?

     One way is to consult your local big-chain bookseller (Barnes & Noble,
B.Dalton, Waldenbooks, BookStop/Bookstar, Brentano's, Crown Books, etc.).
Many have listings and take special orders, although many Disney books are
out of print.  If the book you are looking for is indeed out of print, your
best hope is to search local used book resellers in your area.  Otherwise,
the best you can do is your local library.  (Incidentally, Hyperion Press
is owned by Disney, in case you're wondering why a lot of books with Disney
related topics have been recently released by that publisher.)
     A good place to get information about books of any subject without
leaving the comfort of your UNIX machine is via the online Melvyl Catalog.
The Melvyl Catalog, accessible via Telnet, is an online card catalog
listing for every book in the vast University of California library system.
To access, try the following at your favorite UNIX prompt:
     unix%  telnet melvyl.ucop.edu
(You can substitute 192.35.222.222 for melvyl.ucop.edu if you don't have
domain name resolution.)
If you can FTP, you should be able to telnet.  If you get a "network
inaccessible error", you probably don't have the proper access to the
outside world.  If you have trouble, feel free to send me e-mail
([e-mail]) and I can try to find the reference for the book you
want for you.
     If you can telnet, you'll be prompted for a terminal type.  Use "Z99"
(w/o the quotes) as your terminal type.  Then press return. From here, you
can use the online help by typing "help <subject>".
     Some useful commands:
     find su Disney = Finds "subject" Disney = any book with Disney as a
          subject word
     find pa Christopher Finch = Finds "personal author" Christopher Finch
          = books written by author Christopher Finch
     find tw Magic Kingdom = Finds "title words" Magic Kingdom = any books
          with the words "Magic Kingdom"

     Upon retrieving your results, you can use the display command:
     display all review = Display all in a review format
     display 10 long = Displays entry #10 in a long format (all the info-
          author, title, etc.)
     display 10 ISBN = Displays the ISBN number for entry #10

22) I remember a scene from Peter Pan where Tinkerbell is dying (having
     borne the brunt of the explosion from Captain Hook's trick present to
     Peter), and the audience is asked to clap to bring her back to life.
     Why isn't it on the Disney video?

     This scene never existed in the Disney version of Peter Pan.  It did,
however, exist in the Mary Martin stage version, which is also available on
videocassette.  The videocassette was released at about the same time the
Disney version was released, so if you don't believe me, you can rent the
play version and see for yourself. :-)

23) What was the first Disney film ever to receive a PG rating?

     The first film was The Black Hole, on December 21, 1979.  The first
(and only) animated feature film to receive a PG rating was The Black
Cauldron, on July 24, 1985.

24) What are some "in-jokes" in the Disney films?

     Here is what amounts to an incomplete list.  If you find others, drop
me a line.  If the list gets long enough, I can separate it out of the FAQ.

Aladdin:
     In "One Jump Ahead," Aladdin is sliding down a rope lined with laundry-
          at the end of the rope is a window where a woman slams the
          shutters closed.  If you look closely at her lips, she appears to
          say "Oh, shit."
     The directors, Musker and Clements, are among the gawkers when Prince
          Achmed appears after the "One Jump Ahead" sequence.  Musker has a
          dark mustache, the Clements has a red beard.
     Sebastian, from The Little Mermaid, appears when the Genie is pulling
          items out of a recipe book just prior to granting Aladdin's first
          wish.
     The Genie turns his head into Pinocchio during a discussion with
          Aladdin at the oasis.
     When Genie turns Abu into an elephant, the magic words are "He's a
          mambo shimming Dumbo."  In addition, the hand gestures he makes
          form silhouette animals on the sand.
     There is a figurine of the Beast, from Beauty and the Beast, in the
          stack of toys the Sultan is piling up (which are subsequently
          knocked to the floor when Jafar enters), prior to the "Prince
          Ali" sequence.
     In the "Whole New World" sequence, Aladdin and Jasmine fly past the
          gazebo from the Beethoven sequence from Fantasia.
     In the "Whole New World" sequence, one constellation looks like the
          Walt Disney signature "D".
     The Genie, in the tradition of the Disney theme parks commercials,
          asks Aladdin "What are you going to do next?" after he has
          apparently won the heart of the princess.  Also, the "When You
          Wish Upon A Star" theme is played here.
     At the end of the film, the Genie is dressed as a tourist, complete
          with Goofy hat.  This outfit (shirt, sandals, hat, and all) is
          the same that Robin Williams wears in the film shown prior to the
          Animation Tour at WDW.

Beauty and the Beast:
     When Maurice reaches the crossroads just prior to arriving at the
          Beast's castle for the first time, there is a street sign.
          Although faded, the sign that points towards the dark, scary side
          is labeled "Valencia," and the sign point towards the normal side
          is labeled "Anaheim."
     On Frame #35151 of the CAV LD, you can spot a heart and arrow on the
          Beast's backside.  (I need verification on this.)
     There is a hidden Mickey in the film, although it's location was under
          debate.  I'll have to check the film

Oliver and Company:
     In the "Why Should I Worry" sequence, Pongo, from 101 Dalmatians, is
          shown briefly, tugging at his master's leash.

101 Dalmatians:
     During the "Midnight Bark" several dogs from Lady and the Tramp appear
          in a pet shop window.

25) Commonly used Disney terms and abbreviations on the Internet

8(:-) or 8:-) = Mouseketeer smiley
ADO = Approved Day Off (for Cast Members)
BatB = Beauty and the Beast
Backstage = Behind the scenes, where Cast Members are away from guests
CM = Cast Member
Cast Member = An employee of the Disney Company (the term was coined by
Walt himself)
Costume = Cast Member uniform
DL = Disneyland
ED or EDL= EuroDisneyland
ER = Early Release (getting off work early for a Cast Member)
FAQ = Frequently Asked Questions list (which you probably know by now)
FDC = Future Disney Cabinet (see question 28)
Guest = Term for a Disney customer (e.g. at the theme parks or Disney
Stores)
Intermission = A break
MK = Magic Kingdom (referring to Disneyland's counterpart, in Florida).
     Disneyland is also called The Magic Kingdom, or "Walt Disney's Magic
     Kingdom".
MKC = Magic Kingdom Club (see question #12)
MSEP = Main Street Electrical Parade
O&C = Oliver and Company
On-Stage = Where a Cast Member is exposed to Guests (i.e. working)
r.a.d = rec.arts.disney
RDO = Requested Day Off (for Cast Members)
RDU = The Rescuers Down Under
SotS = Song of the South
TBC = The Black Cauldron
TD or TDL = Tokyo Disneyland
TDS = The Disney Store(s)
TLK = The Lion King
TTFN = Ta Ta For Now.  This abbreviation and explanation was first used by
     Tigger in "Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day" and has come into
     widespread usage among the member of the online community.
TGMD = The Great Mouse Detective
TLM = The Little Mermaid
WDW = Walt Disney World (in Orlando, Florida)
Theme Park codes:
     Code 1 = Routine
     Code 2 = Urgent
     Code 3 = Emergency
     Code 4 = No further assistance needed
     Code 101 = Attraction out of service (routine)
     Code 102 = Attraction out of service (urgent)
     Code 103 = Attraction out of service (emergency)
     Code 104 = Attraction running (normal)
     Code 105 = Attraction running (reduced capacity)
     Code 106 = Attraction running (full capacity)

26) Who does the voice of the singing merchant (the Peddler) at the
     beginning of the film Aladdin?

     The singing voice is done by Bruce Adler (this is credited on the
soundtrack).  The talking voice of the Peddler, who gives the introduction
to the story, is Robin Williams.  Originally, a sequence was planned at the
end of the film (after Aladdin and Jasmine ride off into the sunset- well,
moonrise) where the merchant was to be revealed as the Genie, but this
scene was cut.

27) Where can I get a list of Disney animation bloopers?

     <Question under construction>
     Robert Cook ([e-mail]) has taken on the arduous task of
compiling and classifying various technical and logical errors in the
Disney animated feature films.  Although I'm not yet aware of availability
via FTP, you can contact him via e-mail for further information.

28) What is the FDC and how do I get in on it?

     You can request the Future Disney Cabinet FAQ from David Cuthbert at
[e-mail].  Also, here's the text of an article, provided
graciously by Larry Gensch ([e-mail]):

     With the passing of Walt Disney as CEO of the Walt Disney Company, it
     has come to be accepted that the tenancy of this position will
     probably be open to other people in the future.  How far into the
     future is anybody's guess, as Michael Eisner doesn't seem to be on his
     way out anytime soon.

     An rec.arts.disney member (Sean Squier) decided to refer to himself as
     the "Future CEO" for the Disney company, and in a magnamimous gesture,
     opened the floodgates to any and all people who wanted to serve in his
     "cabinet."

     Currently, the FDC "Registry" is being maintained by Dave Cuthbert.
     If you have visions of grandeur, and think that you could make any
     contribution, no matter how small, to the Disney company, simply
     register your name and the position(s) that you want to hold in this
     ficticious Disney utopia.

     Note that Sean no longer posts regularly in the group, but his
     position is being reserved for him in respect for his efforts in
     organizing the FDC in the first place.

     In the past year or so, a splinter group has gotten a bit militant,
     with buckets, water balloons, various chemical substances, and Super
     Soakers (tm) being used to drench and sometimes mutilate other FDC
     members.  [[Usually, if you see a post with the letters FDC in the
     ~Subject: line, there is usually a SPLASH! or whatever inside]]

     Another way of looking at this is that the FDC is really an "in-joke"
     for the r.a.d crowd, and is used to identify "newbies" from the people
     who post these "So what is the FDC anyway?" messages...  [Insert
     whatever emoticon or smiley you desire]

     A lot of references to the FDC can be found in Tim Pickett's "yoyo"
     archive (refer to the weekly-posted "Lists of Lists" for more
     information on that).


99) Where can I get more Disney info?

Online sources:
     Via the Internet:
     You should definitely get a copy of Tim Pickett's rec.arts.disney List
of Lists, available from Tim at [e-mail].  This list lists
various regularly maintained documents, including FAQs, travel guides, and
other Disney-related lists.
     FTP: See question 4.
     rec.arts.disney:  Everybody's favorite USENET newsgroup, dedicated to
the pursuit of happiness through the Art of Walt.  Other than this and the
WDW FAQ, there is also a Disneyland-specific FAQ, a EuroDisney FAQ and an
FAQ of sorts on the Monorail system.
     rec.parks.theme: Includes some discussion of Disney theme parks.
     Disney Fidonet Echo:  If you have access to a BBS that carries Fidonet
groups, check for the Disney Echo.  (Fidonet is similar to the Internet in
concept; it is composed of many participating BBSs worldwide, linked via
modem.  Hub BBSs collect/send/relay messages to other BBSs on Fidonet on a
regular basis, with a large amount of work being done overnight.)
     The Disney Afternoon Mailing List- Discussion of Disney Afternoon
related topics, and other related threads (and tangents).  To subscribe,
send a request to [e-mail].
     The Disney Comics Mailing List- Discussion of Disney-related comic
book materials, including Carl Barks and Don Rosa.  To subscribe, mail to
Per Starback, at [e-mail].

     Other Online Sources:
     There is a Disney following in the FLORIDA forum on the Compuserve
Information Service, including libraries that have official Disney-approved
GIF images.  Also, there is a Disney section in the EDRIVE (Entertainment
Drive) forum.
     There is a Walt Disney World Travel section on America Online, under
the keyword 'Disney'.  This section is fairly thorough, letting the user
explore different rides, check on showtimes, prices, hotels, etc.  Also,
the Travel forum hosts a monthly Disney discussion group, on the first
Monday of every month.
     There is also a Disney following on GEnie.  The Disney Roundtable
there has a message base, live discussion areas, and libraries with various
Disney files, including GIFs.  (See also question 3 regarding Disney GIFs.)
     Delphi includes a Disney Forum.  The administrator is Warren Lee, at
[e-mail].  Modem: (800)-695-4005, CUSTOM101; voice: (800)-695-4005.
     The Portal online service offers the Disney FANtasEARS SIG.  The
Portal online service supports both a menu and a command driven interface,
and includes full Internet connectivity.  There are several areas of
interest in the FANtasEARS SIG, including a real-time chat room, message
boards for general discussion, news, buying/selling Disneyana, and other
collected information.  There is a monthly basic fee of $19.95 with no
additional charges if you call a Portal phone number, or an additional fee
with SprintNet usage.  Call (800)-433-5333 for further info, or
(408)-973-9111 (voice, 9-5 M-F PST), (408)-725-0561 modem (3/12/2400, 24
hours) , (408)-973-8091 modem (9600, 24 hours), (408)-725-0560 (14.4Kbps,
24 hours).  You can also enter "C PORTAL" from any SprintNet dial-in, or
telnet to "portal.com" on the Internet.  If you call for more info mention
Rich Koster (notable rec.arts.disney contributor and FANtasEARS SIG
moderator) sent you and that you are interested in the FANtasEARS SIG, and
get the $19.95 setup fee waived.
     Another online source is the Disney Software BBS.  It is primarily
present for the support of the Disney software products, but has some
interesting Disney GIFs and animations.  The phone number is:
(818)-567-4027 (Burbank).  Other BBS's: Mickey's Kingdom BBS -
(909)-242-3975; Mouse House BBS - (714)-535-3761.

Mail Order:
     If you're interested in animation in general, or if you are looking
for a good place to order harder to find videos, I recommend the Whole Toon
Catalog.  Call (206)-391-8747.  Fax: [phone].

Books:
     There are many books available about topics related to Disney, from
biographies of Walt himself, to books about the near takeover of the Disney
company in 1984, to books about Disney animation and history.  Listed here
are some of the many books available related to Disney subjects, in order
by author.  The books listed here are primarily informational (i.e. I've
avoided including the many children's books Disney publishes).  Many are
probably out of print. Your contributions to this list are appreciated.

Walt Disney's World of Fantasy, by Adrian Bailey; compiled and designed by
          Julie & Steve Ridgeway.
     Everest House, New York, 1982.
     ISBN 0-896-96117-6
Covers the cinematography, animation, and special effects in the films from
the Disney studios.  252 pages.

Walt Disney's EPCOT Center, by Richard R. Beard
     H.N. Abrams, New York, 1982.
     ISBN 0-8109-0819-0
An excellent work on EPCOT Center, covering its inception, design, and
construction.  Cover priced at $55.00.

Disneyland: The Inside Story, by Randy Bright, forward by Michael Eisner.
     H.N. Abrams, New York, 1987.
     ISBN 0-810-90811-5
Coverage of the history of Disneyland.  Highly recommended by more than one
Disney fan on the Internet.  240 pages, including many color illustrations.

Disney's Aladdin: The Making of an Animated Film, by John Culhane
     Hyperion Press, New York, 1992
     ISBN 1-56282-892-4
Covers the making of Aladdin, character by character.  An interesting read
with one of the more current looks at Walt Disney Feature Animation.

Walt Disney's Fantasia, by John Culhane
     Harry N. Abrams, Inc., New York, NY, 1983, reprinted in 1987
     ISBN 0-8109-8078-9
A discussion of Fantasia from its inception to completion.  Individual
chapters deal with each of the parts of the film.  221 pages.

The Art of Walt Disney: From Mickey Mouse to the Magic Kingdoms, by
          Christopher Finch
     H. N. Abrams, New York, 1975
     ISBN 0-810-90321-0
160 pages.

The Art of The Lion King, by Christopher Finch, Introduction by James Earl
Jones
     Hyperion Press, New York, 1994
     ISBN 0-7868-6028-6
Contains conceptual drawings, storyboards, watercolors, backgrounds, and
finished art detailing construction the movie from start to finish.  Highly
recommended to those interested in the process of building an animated
film.  196 pages, $50.00.

Walt Disney's America, by Christopher Finch
     Abbeville Press, New York, NY, 1978
     ISBN 0-896-59000-3
A biography of Walt Disney, focusing on his movie making.  301 pages.

Prince of the Magic Kingdom, by Joe Flower
     John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, NY, 1991
     ISBN 0-471-52465-4
History of the Walt Disney Company beginning with the appointment of
Michael Eisner as CEO. Complete through 1991, the first third of the book
covers the takeover attempt of 1984.  The remainder of the book is a focus
on Michael Eisner.  309 pages.

Window On Main Street, by Van Arsdale France
     Laughter Publications, Inc., Nashua, NH, 1991.
     ISBN 0-941613-17-8  (softcover)
     ISBN 0-941613-18-6  (hardcover)
Autobiography of Van Arsdale France, one of the major contributors to the
creation and building of Disneyland.  Includes many first-hand stories,
original photographs, and illustrations. This book is published by the same
group that publishes Storyboard magazine (information included below).  123
pages.

A Dream Is A Wish Your Heart Makes: My Story, by Annette Funicello, with
Patricia Romanowski
     Hyperion, New York, 1994
     ISBN 0-0-7868-6020-0
Autobiography of Annette Funicello, legendary Mouseketeer.  237 pages.

Encyclopedia of Walt Disney's Animated Characters, by John Grant, foreword
          by David R. Smith, First Edition
     Harper & Row, New York, 1987
     ISBN 0-060-15777-1
A comprehensive list of Disney characters through 1986, including
filmographies and a complete index.  Includes a bibliography.  Currently a
collector's item.  320 pages.

Encyclopedia of Walt Disney's Animated Characters, by John Grant, forewords
          by David R. Smith and Roy E. Disney, Second Edition
     Hyperion Press, New York, 1993
     ISBN 1-56282-904-1
A comprehensive list of Disney characters from the animated shorts, feature
films, and television series through 1992 (with brief, preliminary
descriptions of characters from Aladdin), including filmographies and a
complete index.  Includes hundreds of color pictures, and a bibliography.
A must get for any Disney fan.  384 pages.

The Man Behind The Magic: The Story of Walt Disney, by Katherine and
          Richard Greene
     Viking Penguin, 375 Hudson Street, New York, NY  10014, published in
1991
     ISBN 0-670-82259-0
A more sugar-coated biography of Walt Disney's life than Leonard Mosley's
Disney's World; it emphasizes Walt's role as a dreamer and covers how he
achieved those dreams in the face of adversity.  183 pages.

The Disney Touch: How a Daring Management Team Revived an Entertainment
          Empire, by Ron Grover
     Business One Irwin, Homewood, IL 1991
     ISBN 1-556-23385-X
The story of how Michael Eisner took over charge of the Walt Disney Company
in 1984 and turned it into the company it is today.  315 pages.

The Disney Studio Story, by Richard Hollis and Brian Sibley
     Crown Publishers, Inc. 225 Park Avenue South, New York, NY  10003,
published in 1988
     ISBN  0-517-57078-5
Covers the history of Disney films, from the creation of Mickey Mouse
through the films of 1987.  Includes a synopsis of every Disney film and
short on record.  Also includes a list of Academy Awards and Oscar
nominations.  Out of print. 256 pages.

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs & The Making of the Classic Film, by
Richard Hollis and Brian Sibley
     Hyperion Press, New York, NY, 1994
     ISBN 0-7868-6133-9
Originally printed during the 50th anniversary of the film in 1987, this
reprint commemorates the release of the film onto video.  It features
storyboards and other original art for the entire film, as well as
discussion of the history of the making of the film, including interesting
anecdotes.

Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse - His Life and Times, text and research by
          Richard Hollis and Brian Sibley (Justin Knowles Publishing Group)
     Harper and Row, Publishers, New York, 1986.
     ISBN 0-06-015619-8
Official biography of Mickey Mouse.  96 pages, $14.95.

Disney Animation: The Illusion of Life, by Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas
     Abbeville Press, New York, NY, 1981
     ISBN 0-89659-232-4
     ISBN 0-89659-232-2 (deluxe edition)
Published in 1981, this book is now hard to find.  It is all about Disney
character animation, and goes into great detail, including a lot of
technical discussion.  The most authoritative book by any of the "nine old
men."  Not written in chronological order, it covers mostly through The
Rescuers (1977), although I did see a background from The Black Cauldron
(which was under development when this book was written, though not
released until 1984).  An autographed version of this book was sold at
auction in late 1992 for $500. 575 pages.

The Disney Villain, by Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas
     Hyperion Press, New York, NY, 1993.
     ISBN 1-56282-792-8
Published in October 1993.  Insight into the villains of the Disney
animated feature films, as well as some of the shorts.  Discusses how the
villains were created, and how their wickedness was personified on-screen
by Disney animators.  Many full color illustrations.  232 pages, $45.00.

Too Funny for Words: Disney's Greatest Sight Gags, by Ollie Johnston and
          Frank Thomas
     Abbeville Press, New York, 1987
     ISBN 0-896-59747-4
223 pages.

Walt Disney's Bambi, The Story and the Film, by Ollie Johnston and Frank
          Thomas
     Stewart, Tabori & Chang
     New York, 1992
     ISBN 1-55670-8
Text and artwork from the animated film "Bambi" unfold the story of the
deer who grows up to be King of the Forest and reveal the creative
struggles and victories behind the making of the movie.  208 pages.
Dedication:
          We dedicate this book to
               WALT DISNEY
          who asked for it fifty years ago.
     "I'd like to see a book - an edition of Bambi - put out afterwards,
and I'd just like to see the text all broken up with these sketches." --
Walt Disney, Story meeting notes, December 12, 1939.
     Sorry Walt - you always said we were slow.

Justice for Disney, by Bill Justice
     Tomart Publications, 1992
     ISBN 0-914293-13-3
Autobiography of Disney animator Bill Justice, including illustrations and
photos.  This was a limited, signed edition of 1000, with an original cover
price of $45.00.  168 pages.

Walt Disney and Assorted Other Characters: An Unauthorized Account of the
          Early Years at Disney's, by Jack Kinney, foreword by Leonard
          Maltin
     Harmony Books, New York, 1988
     ISBN 0-517-57057-2
Biography of Walt and behind the scenes look at the Walt Disney studios.
207 pages with a cover price of $17.95.

The Wonderful World of Disney Animals, by William R. Koehler
     Howell Book House, New York, 1979
     ISBN 0-876-05810-1
Notes: Presents a behind-the-scenes account of the techniques and trials of
training various animals who have appeared in Disney productions.  252
pages.

Walt Disney's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs: An Art In Its Making, by
Martin Krause and Linda Witkowski
     Hyperion Press, New York, 1994
     ISBN 0-7868-6144-4
Discusses the making of Walt Disney's first full-length feature animated
film via text, anecdotes, and original artwork.  194 pages, $45.00.

Walt Disney: A Guide to References and Resources, by Elizabeth Leebron and
          Lynn Gartley
     G. K. Hall, Boston, 1979
     ISBN 0-816-18004-8

The Disney Films, by Leonard Maltin ; research associate, Jerry Beck
     Crown, New York, 1984 (updated edition)
     ISBN 0-517-55407-0 (paperback)
Written by Entertainment Tonight film critic and long-time Disney fan
Leonard Maltin.  Includes criticism and interpretation of the Disney
animated films.  343 pages.

Of Mice and Magic, by Leonard Maltin
     Crown, New York, 1987
     ISBN 0-452-25993-2
Covers the major American cartoon studios, including Disney, Fleischer,
Terry, Lantz, Warner Bros., etc. 485 pages.

The Disney Poster: The Animated Film Classics from Mickey Mouse to Aladdin.
          edited by Ellen Mendlow, text by Jim Fanning
     Hyperion, 114 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10011, 1993
     ISBN 1-56282-924-6
Contains many full color pictures of classic Disney posters.  95 pages,
$35.00.

The Story of Walt Disney, by Diane Disney Miller as told to Pete Martin
     Holt, New York, 1957
Biography of Walt from the perspective of his daughter.  Note that it was
published ten years prior to Walt's death.  247 pages.

Walt Disney, Master of Make-believe, by Elizabeth Rider Montgomery,
          illustrated by Vic Mays.
     Garrard Pub. Co., Champaign, Ill., 1971
     ISBN 0-811-64568-1
Notes: A biography of cartoonist Walt Disney stressing his professional
contribution to the film industry and influence on American life.  96
pages.

Disney's World, by Leonard Mosley
     Stein and Day, New York, NY (hardcover, 1985)
     Published by Scarborough House, Chelsea, MI  48118 (paperback, 1990)
     Distributed by Independent Publishers Group, Chicago, IL  60610
     ISBN 0-8128-8514-7 (paperback)
One of the better biographies on Walt Disney's life that I've seen.  Mosley
is a noted biographer, and he obviously put a lot of research into this
one.  It is not wholly positive, but is certainly not the Disney-bashing
found in Richard Schickel's The Disney Version.  330 pages.

The Ultimate Disney Trivia Book, by Kevin Neary and Dave Smith
     Hyperion Press, New York, NY, December 1992
     ISBN 1-56282-925-4
Contains 999 trivia questions (and answers)  on the Disney characters,
cartoon shorts, feature films, the theme parks, and Walt Disney himself.

The Ultimate Disney Trivia Book 2, by Kevin Neary and Dave Smith
     Hyperion Press, New York, NY, July 1994
     ISBN 0-7868-8024-4
Contains 999 (new) trivia questions on the Disney films, theme parks, and
other Disney related topics.

Walt Disney's Donald Duck: 50 Years of Happy Frustration, text by Flora
          O'Brian; edited by Charlotte Parry-Crookel
     Another Rainbow Publishers, Scottsdale, AZ
     ISBN 0-95095-171-4
Official biography of Donald Duck.  Limited to 5000 numbered copies.  94
pages.

Walt Disney's Goofy - The Good Sport, text by Flora O'Brian, research by
          Christopher Fagg and Justin Knowles (Justin Knowles Publishing
          Group)
     HPBooks. Tuckson, AZ, 1985.
     ISBN 0-89586-2
Official biography of Goofy.  96 pages, $14.95.

The Disney Version : The Life, Times, Art, and Commerce of Walt Disney, by
          Richard Schickel
     Simon and Schuster, New York, 1985
     ISBN 0-671-54714-3
A generally negatively critical book about Walt Disney and the Disney
company.

Walt: Backstage Adventures with Walt Disney, by Charles Shows, foreword by
          William D. Hanna
     Published by Windsong Books International, La Jolla, CA, 1980
     Distributed by Communication Creativity
     ISBN 0-934-84601-4
Biography of Walt Disney.  212 pages.

The History of Animation: Enchanted Drawings, by Charles Solomon
     Alfred A. Knopf, New York, NY, 1989
     ISBN 0-394-54684-9
Not specific to Disney, but contains a lot of material related to the
animation of the Disney studios.  Oversized and full-color, I would
recommended this to animation fans, although the cover price is $75.00.
Published in 1989, over 300 pages, covers through the films of 1988 (e.g.
Oliver and Company) ending with a discussion of computer animation.  322
pages.

Storming The Magic Kingdom: Wall Street The Raiders, and The Battle For
          Disney, by John Taylor
     Ballantine Books, a division of Random House, Inc., New York, NY, 1987
     ISBN 0-345-35407-9
An inside look at the famous events of 1984 surrounding the attempted
hostile takeover of the Walt Disney Company by Saul Steinberg and the
subsequent installation of Michael Eisner as CEO.  An interesting read.
262 pages.

Walt Disney: An American Original, by Bob Thomas
     Pocket Books, New York, 1980, c1976
     ISBN 0-671-66232-5
A biography of Walt Disney.  Currently out of print.  414 pages.

Walt Disney: An American Original, by Bob Thomas
     Hyperion, New York, NY, 1994
     ISBN 0-7868-6027-8
A biography of Walt Disney; a reprint of the 1976 edition.  379 pages.

Walt Disney and the Art of Animation; the Story of the Disney Studio
          Contribution to a New Art, by Bob Thomas with the Walt Disney
          staff, with research by Don Graham
     Golden Press, Inc., New York, c1958
The original Bob Thomas book about the art of animation.  Covers the making
of Sleeping Beauty.  Out of print; now a collector's item.  181 pages.

Disney's Art of Animation, by Bob Thomas
     Produced by Welcome Enterprises, 164 East 95th Street, New York, NY
10128
     Published by Hyperion Press, 114 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY  10011,
1991
     ISBN 1-56282-997-1
Covers Disney animation from Mickey Mouse through The Little Mermaid, with
a separate section on the making of Beauty and the Beast.  Very colorful,
making it an excellent coffee table book, featuring a "cover that moves."
Despite the fact that the inside cover reads "First Edition", Bob Thomas
has written a previous edition on Disney animation (see above).  208 pages.

The Walt Disney Biography, by Bob Thomas
     New English Library/Times Mirror, London, 1977
     ISBN 4-500-32299
A biography of Walt Disney.  296 pages.

Walt Disney, Magician of the Movies, by Bob Thomas
     Grosset & Dunlap, New York, 1966
Notes: "A Rutledge book."  A biography of the internationally beloved
cartoonist-creator of Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Snow White and the Seven
Dwarfs, and Disneyland.  176 pages.

Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas, by Frank Thompson
     Hyperion, New York, NY, 1993
     ISBN 1-56282-774-X
Behind the scenes and the making of the Touchstone film, The Nightmare
Before Christmas.  Features full color illustrations and song lyrics from
the film.  192 pages, $24.95.

The Musical World of Walt Disney, by David Tietyen
     Hal Leonard Publishing Corporation
     7777 West Bluemound Road, P.O. Box 13819, Milwaukee, WI 53213
     ISBN 0-88188-476-6
Published in 1990, but covers only through the late 1970's (e.g. Pete's
Dragon).  Includes a forward by the Sherman brothers.  A discussion of
Disney music, starting with Steamboat Willie, grouped film by film in
different chapters for the different eras.  158 pages.

Great Moments From the Films of Walt Disney, by Walt Disney Productions
     Rutledge Press, New York, NY, 1981
     ISBN 0-817-33975-4
Notes: "Great and memorable moments from: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs,
Pinocchio, Dumbo, Bambi, Cinderella, Sleeping Beauty. Volume 1"--Cover.  92
pages.

Treasures of Disney Animation Art, by Walt Disney Productions, preface by
          Robert E. Abrams, introduction by John Canemaker
     Abbeville Press, New York, 1982
     ISBN 0-896-59315-0
Covers animation from the Disney animated films.  319 pages with an
original cover price of $85.00.  There is a new edition of this book
currently for sale.

Mickey Mouse Movie Stories, story and illustrations by the staff of the
          Walt Disney Studios, introduction by Maurice Sendak
     Harry N. Abrams, Inc., New York, 1988
     ISBN 0-8109-1529-4
Facsimile edition of "Mickey Mouse Movie Stories, Book 2", published in
1934, containing a dozen stories illustrated with photographs of the
original cel setups from the choice cartoon shorts of 1932 to 1934.  197
pages, 98 illustrations.

The Disney Live-Action Productions, by John G. West, Jr.
     Hawthorne & Peabody, P.O. Box 1169, Milton, WA, 98354
     ISBN 0-9639313-7-7
Contains descriptions and behind the scenes looks at nearly 50 of the
Disney full length, live action films.  This also discusses Walt's
participation in the making of these films.  266 pages.  I ordered a copy
of this from Paul Anderson, at 3136 South 3200 West, Salt Lake City, UT
84119, and I also recommend this book for those interested in the Disney
films.

The Art of Mickey Mouse, edited by Craig Yoe and Janet Morra-Yoe,
          introduction by John Updike
     Hyperion, 114 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10011, 1991
     ISBN 1-56282-994-7
Art book covering various interpretations of Mickey by various artists.
$35.00.

     There are also many guide books related to maximizing your visits to
the theme parks.  Consult your local bookstore's Travel section- there are
plenty to choose from.  My personal favorites are The Unofficial Guide
books written by Bob Sehlinger.  Most of the guides are updated yearly.
The guide books are covered in part two of the FAQ, which focuses on the
theme parks.
     For books containing Disney Sheet Music, contact:
          Hal Leonard Publishing Corporation
          7777 West Bluemound Road
          P.O. Box 13819
          Milwaukee, WI 53213
     (See also question 12.)

Magazines:
     Disney Magazine - (see below for addresses)
     Published quarterly as the Official Magazine of Walt Disney's Magic
Kingdom Club.  Subscriptions are free with a Gold Card Membership, $14.95
for two years otherwise.  The cover price is $2.50; the only place I've
ever seen it sold off the shelf is at the Disney Store and the theme parks.
     This magazine mostly covers current events at the theme parks and the
Disney realms, with a few behind the scene looks.

     The "E" Ticket (as posted by [e-mail]):
     The "E" Ticket is published 2-3 times a year.  Subscriptions are $22
     for four issues, or $6 for a sample copy.  Write to them at:

            The "E" Ticket
            20560 Alaminos Drive
            Saugus, CA  91350

     The publishers of The "E" Ticket always have a table at the NFFC's
     annual "Strictly Disney" show in Anaheim, where you can browse through
     their magazine, sign up for a subscription, and/or purchase back
     issues.

     Persistence of Vision
     Paul F. Anderson, 3136 South 3200 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84119

     A journal of Disney history, celebrating the creative legacy of Walt
Disney.  Subscriptions are $37/year (four issues).  Each issue includes an
audio tape featuring clips and interviews with famous Disney people,
sometimes including Walt himself.  You can contact Paul at his Compuserve
address, 71534,437 ([e-mail], via the Internet).  Highly
recommended.  Paul is a very busy Disney fan, but rest assured he fulfills
every subscription.

     Storyboard/The Art of Laughter -
          Laughter Publications, Inc., 15 Middle Dunstabe Rd., Nashua, NH
          03062
          (603)-888-8685
     A high-quality magazine dedicated to animation art.  Published by
Laughter Publications on a bi-monthly basis.  Subscriptions are $22.97 for
one year, with a cover price of $4.95.  Features articles and
advertisements related to cel and merchandise collecting, the Disney motion
pictures, and historical articles about the animators.


Addresses:
Here is a list of addresses and/or phone numbers:

     Buena Vista Home      Burbank, CA  91521
          Video (US)
     Buena Vista Home      Beaumont House
          Video (UK)       Kensington Village London W14 8TS
                           Switchboard: [phone]
     California            Operator: (805)-255-1050; 24700 W. McBean Pkwy;
          Institute of     Valencia, CA 91355
          the Arts (Cal
          Arts)
     Disney Catalog        P.O. Box 29144, Shawnee Mission, Kansas  66201-9144
                           (800)-237-5751  (orders; M-F 8a-11p ET; Sa-Su 8a-8p,
                           ET)
                           (913)-752-1095  (FAX)
     Disney Gallery (at    (714)-999-7531
          Disneyland)
     Disney Investor       (818)-505-7040
          Relations
     Disneyland Guest      P.O. Box 3232 (formerly 1313 Harbor Boulevard),
          Relations        Anaheim, CA  92802
                           (714)-999-4565
     Disneyland Hotel      (714)-956-6400
     Disneyland            (800)-3MAIL-33
          Inventory
          Services
     Disney Magazine,      P.O. Box 4489, Anaheim, CA  92803
          correspondence
     Disney Magazine,      P.O. Box 3310, Anaheim, CA  92803-3310
          subscription
          info
     Disney Software       c/o Customer Service, 500 S. Buena Vista St.;
                           Burbank, CA  91521-6385
                           (800)-841-3326 (8a-5p PST); FAX: [phone]
     Disney Studios,       (818)-560-1000
          Burbank
     Disney Vacation       (800)-800-9100; (407)-WDW-3100
          Club
     EuroDisney City       (33) 1 49.41.49.10
          Hall, Main
          Street, USA
                           071.753 2900 (UK residents)
     Gladstone             P.O. Box 2079, Prescott, AZ 86302
          Publishing
     Hal Leonard Publishing Corporation (sheet music)
                           7777 West Bluemound Road, P.O. Box 13819,
                           Milwaukee, WI 53213
     Hyperion Press        114 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10011
     Magic Kingdom Club, Disneyland Travel Packages
                           P.O. Box 4180, Anaheim, CA  92803-4180
                           (714)-520-5000 (for MKC members)
     Magic Kingdom Club, Walt Disney World Travel Center
                           P.O. Box 10160, Lake Buena Vista, FL  32830-0160
                           (407)-824-2600 (for MKC members)
     Magic Kingdom Club    P.O. Box 3850, Anaheim, CA  92803-3850
          Gold Card
                           (800)-248-2665
     Magic Years Club      P.O. Box 4709, Anaheim, CA  92803-4709
          (seniors)
                           (714)-490-3250
     Tokyo Disneyland      1-1 Maihama, Urayasu-shi, Chiba-ken 279
          Information
          Center
                           0473 (54) 0001
     Walt Disney           500 S. Buena Vista Street, Burbank, CA  91521-6876
          Collectors
          Society
                           (818)-567-5500
     Walt Disney           P.O. Box 11090, Des Moines, IA 50336-1090 (address
          Collectors       changes and renewals)
          Society
          Fulfillment
          Center
     Walt Disney Company   500 S. Buena Vista Street, Burbank, CA  91521
                           (818)-560-1000
     Walt Disney Magazine Publishing Company (e.g. Disney Comics)
                           500 S. Buena Vista
                           Buena Vista, CA  91521
     Walt Disney Music     P.O. Box 4740, Anaheim, CA  92803-4740
          Company
     Walt Disney Feature   1400 Flower Street, Glendale, CA 91221
          Animation
     Walt Disney           Human Resources: 506 Paula St., Glendale, CA 91221-
          Imagineering     5020
     Walt Disney World     Guest Relations
                           P.O. Box 10000, Lake Buena Vista, FL  32830-1000
                           (407)-824-4321
                           (note: this address is a general address,
                           so you should specify a particular
                           department)

Section III - Answers to Questions with Time-critical Information

1) What Disney shows/auctions/events are coming up?

Here are some of the Disney-related events coming up in the future.  If you
know of any others and would like to have them listed here, please e-mail
the appropriate info to me and I'll add it in.

- The Walt Disney Company is hosting two Disneyana conventions this year.
     The first was at the Disneyland Hotel, February 15-19, the second will
     be at the Walt Disney World Resort September 6-10.  Call
     (407)-827-7600 for more information.

* Beauty and the Beast, A New Musical is currently showing at the Schubert
     Theater in Los Angeles.

* The Lion King will be released on LD in September, and both CLV and CAV
     will receive the THX treatment, and both will be available
     letterboxed.

* The Walt Disney Collector's Society does host certain events for its
     members.  Contact the society for more information (address in
     questions 6 and 99).  Their renewal figurine and pin for 1994 are
     based on the Cheshire Cat.  The renewal figurine and pin for 1995 will
     be based on Dumbo.


2) What are some of the upcoming movie and video releases from the Walt
     Disney Studios?

     The Goofy Movie is currently showing in theaters.  Like DuckTales:
Treasure of the Lost Lamp, it will not be considered one of Disney's
"official" animated feature films (see question 1).
     Cinderella will be re-released onto video October 3, 1995.
     The film to be released nationwide June 23, 1995 is Pocahontas.  There
is a trailer for this on the Snow White video, and there will be a four and
a half minute trailer shown prior to the holiday re-release of The Lion
King in theaters.  The song Colors of the Wind is being shown at the Disney
Stores nationwide.
     The Hunchback of Notre Dame will follow Pocahontas, most likely in
late 1996.  It is being directed by Gary Trousdale and Kirk Wise, who
directed Beauty and the Beast.  The May 13, 1994 Entertainment Weekly
reports rock star Meat Loaf may be signed to do the voice of the Hunchback,
and Demi Moore may do Esmerelda.
     In 1996 or 1997, Disney will release Fantasia Continued, which will
feature new segments mixed in with some of the old segments.  This will
include a Donald Duck segment, among others.  It is the studio's intent to
release the film every seven years with modifications (and will
subsequently release the modified version on video).
     The February 2, 1994 issue of USA Today reported Disney is planning
feature films based on Hercules, Aida, and the Chinese folk tale Fa Mulan.
     A company named Hi-Tech Toons is working on a film for release by
Buena Vista tentatively titled Toy Story, about two toys and their battle
over their young master's affections.
     Henry Selick and Tim Burton are now working on a film based on the
Rhoad Dahl story James and the Giant Peach, to be done in the same stop-
motion animation style as The Nightmare Before Christmas.

Section IV- Other lists and info, available upon request:

Other lists/info, available upon request:
1) List of Jungle Cruise jokes (from Geoff Allen)
2) Misc trivia quizzes
3) Text of Club 33 brochures
4) Information on Celebration, Disney's Florida community
5) Disney Film Availability List- lists all the animated feature films and
their availability status on video

The status of 1 and 5, above: they need to be updated.  I hope to do this
real soon. 8:-)

Robert Cook is compiling a list of technical errors in Disney animated
     feature films (contact him at [e-mail])
I'd also recommend getting the rec.arts.disney List of Lists, from Tim
Pickett ([e-mail]). This is posted regularly to the group,
and is available via FTP at yoyo.cc.monash.edu.au in /pub/disney/rad/faq.

     This document is Copyright (c) 1995, by Tom Tanida, all rights
reserved.  It is intended for public use, and may be redistributed freely
printed or electronically in its complete and unaltered form provided
distribution is done at no charge to the receiver.  Partial and other
distribution means require the permission of the author.